Renewable and biodegradable materials derived from biomass are attractive candidates to replace non-biodegradable petrochemical plastics. However, the mechanical performance and wet stability of biomass are generally insufficient for practical applications. Herein, we report a facile in situ lignin regeneration strategy to synthesize a high-performance bioplastic from lignocellulosic resources (for example, wood). In this process, the porous matrix of natural wood is deconstructed to form a homogeneous cellulose–lignin slurry that features nanoscale entanglement and hydrogen bonding between the regenerated lignin and cellulose micro/nanofibrils. The resulting lignocellulosic bioplastic shows high mechanical strength, excellent water stability, ultraviolet-light resistance and improved thermal stability. Furthermore, the lignocellulosic bioplastic has a lower environmental impact as it can be easily recycled or safely biodegraded in the natural environment. This in situ lignin regeneration strategy involving only green and recyclable chemicals provides a promising route to producing strong, biodegradable and sustainable lignocellulosic bioplastic as a promising alternative to petrochemical plastics.

源自生物质的可再生和可生物降解材料是替代不可生物降解的石油化工塑料的有吸引力的候选材料。然而，生物质的机械性能和湿稳定性通常不足以用于实际应用。本文中，我们报道了一种从木质纤维素资源（例如木材）合成高性能生物塑料的简便原位木质素再生策略。在这个过程中，天然木材的多孔基质被解构形成均匀的纤维素-木质素浆液，其特征在于再生的木质素和纤维素微/纳米纤维之间的纳米级缠结和氢键作用。所得的木质纤维素生物塑料显示出高机械强度，优异的水稳定性，耐紫外线性和改善的热稳定性。此外，木质纤维素生物塑料对环境的影响较小，因为它可以在自然环境中轻松回收或安全地生物降解。这种仅涉及绿色和可循环利用化学物质的原位木质素再生策略为生产强大，可生物降解和可持续的木质纤维素生物塑料提供了一条有前途的途径，以替代石油化学塑料。