ABSTRACT

In times when cities around the world are withdrawing from consideration to host the Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has responded by enacting policy reforms. Entitled Olympic Agenda 2020: 20 + 20 Recommendations, we examine forty recommendations through the lens of critical policy analysis. Specifically, we use Strittmatter et al.’s framework of legitimation strategies in policy formulation and implementation to investigate the ways in which the use of sustainability and legacy terminology is employed in the process of legitimating the IOC today. Findings demonstrate two general legitimation strategies. One is the familiar framing of the Olympic Games in terms of sustainability and legacy with a new emphasis on the Games as an opportunity to integrate cities’ long-term planning needs into bidding and hosting the event. The second focus asserts the Olympic Movement’s global leadership role in sport in the context of sport itself being depicted as a leading social institution in making meaningful social change. In this paper, we detail these legitimation strategies and offer commentary related to the need for the IOC to use this policy reform process to move beyond rhetoric alone to embed meaningful and measurable accountability standards in the hosting process.

摘要

在世界各地的城市不再考虑举办奥运会的时候，国际奥委会 (IOC) 已经通过制定政策改革做出回应。题为《2020 年奥林匹克议程：20 + 20 条建议》，我们通过批判性政策分析的视角审查了 40 条建议。具体而言，我们在政策制定和实施中使用 Strittmatter 等人的合法化策略框架来研究在当今国际奥委会合法化过程中使用可持续性和遗留术语的方式。调查结果显示了两种一般的合法化策略。一个是在可持续性和遗产方面熟悉的奥运会框架，新的重点是将奥运会作为将城市的长期规划需求纳入赛事申办和举办的机会。第二个重点是在体育本身被描述为进行有意义的社会变革的领先社会机构的背景下，奥林匹克运动在体育领域的全球领导作用。在本文中，我们详细介绍了这些合法化策略，并就国际奥委会需要利用这一政策改革过程超越单纯的言辞，在主办过程中嵌入有意义且可衡量的问责标准提供评论。