Abstract

Dynamic capabilities enable tourism organisations to manage crises and disasters, yet many do not possess these competencies. This paper investigates the factors that enable or impede the development of dynamic capabilities in tourism organisations that help them to survive and thrive in crises or disaster environments. These enablers and barriers to build dynamic capabilities are compared across tourism organisations considering their age, size, and sector. Findings from 40 in-depth interviews with tourism business operators and other stakeholders in a disaster-prone region over two years show that knowledge-based, human-related, relational, and financial slack resources are important enablers of building dynamic capabilities in times of disasters. Internal process restrictions and external over-regulation act as major barriers to develop dynamic capabilities. The findings show that tourism organisations should consider reliance on the broader system in which multiple levels of actors are actively engaged in resource integration and develop shared values to enable adaptive capacity. Policymakers and tourism organisations can use this study to evaluate the appropriateness of their resources and processes in developing dynamic capabilities and thus achieve a more sustainable future in uncertain times.

摘要

动态能力使旅游组织能够管理危机和灾难，但许多组织并不具备这些能力。本文调查了促进或阻碍旅游组织动态能力发展的因素，这些能力有助于他们在危机或灾难环境中生存和发展。考虑到旅游组织的年龄、规模和行业，比较了这些建立动态能力的推动因素和障碍。两年多来对灾害易发地区的旅游企业经营者和其他利益相关者进行的 40 次深入访谈的结果表明，基于知识的、与人相关的、关系的和金融的闲置资源是在灾害发生时建立动态能力的重要推动力. 内部流程限制和外部过度监管是发展动态能力的主要障碍。研究结果表明，旅游组织应考虑依赖更广泛的系统，在该系统中，多层次的参与者积极参与资源整合，并发展共享价值观以实现适应能力。政策制定者和旅游组织可以利用这项研究来评估其资源和流程在发展动态能力方面的适当性，从而在不确定时期实现更可持续的未来。