Rapid urbanization has led to the sharp decline of some rural villages. Idle rural residential land (IRRL) is symbolic of rural decline, and the academic community is in urgent need of quantitative studies on the spatial pattern of IRRL from the perspective of geography. Taking Pinggu as a case area, we explored the spatial pattern and layout mode of IRRL and evaluated its utilizability and reuse under different spatial layout modes. Our findings show that the idle rate of rural residential land (RRL) in Pinggu, which is in a suburb of a metropolis, is more serious than that of urban land. The patches of IRRL are generally small and fragmented, showing the characteristics of overall dispersion and local agglomeration of the whole area. The agglomerative point type and scattered point type are the main spatial layout modes of IRRL. In villages, the spatial distribution of IRRL is characterized by a small and scattered point distribution, and large-area polygon agglomeration and belt agglomeration are relatively less common. The utilizability of IRRL in Pinggu decreases from the urban fringe to the surrounding rural area. The utilizability of the agglomerative polygon type, agglomerative belt type, and agglomerative point type in the urban suburbs and agricultural plains areas is higher, while the utilizability of the scattered strip type and scattered point type in the northern and eastern suburban mountainous areas is lower. Our research contributes to filling the gap in the geographical quantitative research on IRRL by exploring the interactions between humans and land under rural decline and providing a theoretical basis for the revitalization of declining rural areas and the coordinated development of urban and rural areas.

快速的城市化导致一些农村村庄的急剧减少。闲置的农村居民用地（IRRL）是农村衰退的象征，学术界迫切需要从地理角度对IRRL的空间格局进行定量研究。以平谷区为例，探讨了IRRL的空间格局和布局模式，并评价了其在不同空间布局模式下的可利用性和可复用性。我们的研究结果表明，位于大都市郊区的平谷的农村居民用地（RRL）的闲置率比城市土地的闲置率更为严重。IRRL的斑块通常很小且分散，显示了整个区域的整体分散和局部聚集的特征。聚集点类型和分散点类型是IRRL的主要空间布局模式。在乡村里 IRRL的空间分布特征是点分布小而分散，大面积的多边形集聚和带状集聚相对较少。从城市边缘到周边农村地区，平谷区IRRL的可利用性不断下降。在城市郊区和农业平原地区，集聚多边形类型，集聚带类型和集聚点类型的可利用性较高，而在北部和东部郊区山区，散布带状和散布点类型的可利用性较低。