Anthropogenic stressors to freshwater environments have perpetuated water quality and quantity challenges for communities across Arctic Canada, making drinking water resources a primary concern for northern peoples. To understand the ecological trajectory of lakes used as freshwater supply, we conducted a paleolimnological assessment on two supplemental sources in Igloolik, Nunavut, Arctic Canada. A stratigraphic examination of biological indicators (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae) allowed for paleotemperature reconstructions with decadal and centennial resolution over the past 2000 years. Between 200 and 1900 CE, the sub-fossil chironomid community was comprised of cold-water taxa, such as Abiskomyia, Micropsectra radialis-type, and Paracladius. Reconstructed temperatures were consistent with known climate anomalies during this period. A rapid shift in the composition of the chironomid assemblages to those with higher temperature optima (Chironomus anthracinus-type, Dicrotendipes, and Tanytarsus lugens-type) in the late 20th century was observed in both systems. Our results demonstrate that these ecosystems are undergoing marked transformations to warmer, more nutrient-rich environments, and suggest that water sustainability pressures will likely continue in tandem with ongoing climate change. To contextualize the influence of recent warming and elucidate the status of freshwater resources over the longer term, paleolimnological methods can be usefully applied as components of vulnerability assessments.

淡水环境的人为压力已经使加拿大北极地区的社区长期面临水质和水量的挑战，使饮用水资源成为北方人民的主要关切。为了了解用作淡水供应的湖泊的生态轨迹，我们对加拿大北极地区努纳武特的伊格卢利克的两个补充水源进行了古湖泊学评估。通过对生物学指标（昆虫科：双翅目：ron科）进行地层学检查，可以在过去的2000年中以十年和百年的分辨率对古温度进行重建。在200至1900年之间，亚化石手足动物群落由冷水类群组成，例如Abiskomyia，Micropsectraradialis型和Paracladius。重建的温度与这一时期已知的气候异常一致。在摇蚊组合的组合物，那些具有更高的最适温度（A快速移摇anthracinus型，Dicrotendipes和Tanytarsus飞虱两种系统中都观察到了20世纪末期的“-型”）。我们的结果表明，这些生态系统正在经历着向温暖，营养丰富的环境的显着转变，并表明水的可持续性压力可能会随着持续的气候变化而持续下去。为了将近期变暖的影响与背景联系起来，并从长远角度阐明淡水资源的状况，古湖泊学方法可以用作脆弱性评估的组成部分。