Societies are rife with out-group discrimination and mistreatment. One way that children might acquire social biases that lead to such outcomes is by overhearing derogatory or disparaging comments about social groups. Children (n = 121) overheard a video call between a researcher and an adult or child caller who made negative claims (or no claims) about a novel social group. Immediately and following a 2-week delay, older children (7–9 years) who overheard the message demonstrated stronger negative attitudes toward the group than children who heard no message. Younger children’s (4- to 5-year-olds’) attitudes were generally unaffected by these claims. Thus, overhearing brief, indirect messages from children or adults had robust and lasting effects on the social biases of children 7 years and older.

中文翻译：

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无意中听到简短的负面信息会对儿童对新社会群体的态度产生持久影响

社会充斥着群体外的歧视和虐待。儿童可能获得导致此类结果的社会偏见的一种方式是无意中听到关于社会群体的贬损或贬低评论。儿童 ( n  = 121) 无意中听到了研究人员与成人或儿童来电者之间的视频通话，他们对一个新的社交群体做出了负面声明（或没有声明）。立即和延迟 2 周后，无意中听到信息的年龄较大的儿童（7-9 岁）比没有听到信息的儿童表现出更强烈的消极态度。年幼儿童（4 至 5 岁）的态度一般不受这些说法的影响。因此，无意中听到来自儿童或成人的简短、间接的信息对 7 岁及以上儿童的社会偏见具有强大而持久的影响。