This work focused on the thorough utilization of lignocellulosic biomass residues for the synthesis of carbonaceous sulfonated solid catalysts (CBSCs), which were then applied to the conversion of the same biomass source to furfural. Four different biomass materials were used, namely Acacia mangium wood sawdust, coconut shell (CS), sugarcane bagasse, and lignin-rich residue from an enzymatic saccharification of the wood sawdust. A facile multi-stage process for the preparation of CBSCs has been developed including impregnation, carbonization, and sulfonation at low temperature and long reaction time. Main characteristics of CBSCs including acidity, surface area, and surface morphology were analyzed through BET, EDS, TPD-NH₃, SEM, FTIR. CBSCs were applied to the conversion of acid hydrolysate of Acacia mangium wood sawdust to furfural for evaluation of catalytic activity. Influences of catalyst dosage on the xylose conversion, the furfural yield, and the furfural selectivity were evaluated based on the synthesis carried out at 150 °C for 7 h for comparison of the effectiveness of CBSCs. The highest yield of furfural was 28.6% when using CS-CBSC at the catalyst loading of 0.1 g/g. Furfural selectivity reached the best value of 70.8% when LR-CBSC was used at the dosage of 0.2 g/g.

这项工作集中于彻底利用木质纤维素生物质残余物来合成碳磺化固体催化剂（CBSC），然后将其用于将相同的生物质来源转化为糠醛。使用了四种不同的生物质材料，即马占相思木屑，椰子壳（CS），甘蔗渣和来自木屑酶促糖化的富含木质素的残留物。已经开发了用于制备CBSC的简便的多阶段方法，其包括在低温和长反应时间下的浸渍，碳化和磺化。通过BET，EDS，TPD-NH ₃分析了CBSC的主要特征，包括酸度，表面积和表面形态。，SEM，FTIR。将CBSCs用于将马占相思木屑的酸水解产物转化为糠醛，以评估催化活性。基于在150℃下进行7小时的合成，评估催化剂用量对木糖转化率，糠醛收率和糠醛选择性的影响，以比较CBSC的有效性。当在催化剂负载量为0.1 g / g的条件下使用CS-CBSC时，糠醛的最高收率为28.6％。当以0.2g / g的剂量使用LR-CBSC时，糠醛选择性达到70.8％的最佳值。