Oral delivery of protein drugs (PDs) made in plant cells could revolutionize current approaches to their production and delivery. Expression of PDs reduces their production cost by elimination of prohibitively expensive fermentation, purification, cold transportation/storage, and sterile injections and increases their shelf life for several years. The ability of plant cell wall to protect PDs from digestive acids/enzymes, commensal bacteria to release PDs in gut lumen after lysis of plant cell wall, and the role of gut-associated lymphoid tissue in inducing tolerance facilitate prevention or treatment of allergic, autoimmune diseases or antidrug antibody responses. The delivery of functional proteins facilitates treatment of inherited or metabolic disorders. Recent advances in making PDs free of antibiotic resistance genes in edible plant cells, long-term storage at ambient temperature maintaining their efficacy, production in Current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) facilities, Investigational New Drug (IND)-enabling studies for clinical advancement, and Food and Drug Administration approval of orally delivered PDs augur well for advancing this novel drug delivery platform technology.

在植物细胞中制成的蛋白质药物 (PD) 的口服给药可能会彻底改变当前的生产和给药方法。PDs 的表达通过消除昂贵的发酵、纯化、冷藏运输/储存和无菌注射来降低其生产成本，并延长其保质期数年。植物细胞壁保护 PDs 免受消化酸/酶影响的能力、共生细菌在植物细胞壁裂解后在肠腔中释放 PDs 的能力以及肠道相关淋巴组织在诱导耐受中的作用有助于预防或治疗过敏性、自身免疫性疾病或抗药物抗体反应。功能性蛋白质的递送有助于治疗遗传性或代谢性疾病。在可食用植物细胞中使 PD 不含抗生素抗性基因的最新进展，