Purpose

For the past two decades, intellectual capital has played an increasingly important role in firm performance around the world. However, the importance of intellectual capital in Vietnam, and especially in the banking sector, has largely been ignored in the literature. This study is the first to examine the effect of intellectual capital on bank performance in Vietnam. In this paper, intellectual capital is decomposed into three components: (1) capital employed efficiency, (2) human capital efficiency and (3) structural capital efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses an unbalanced panel dataset on 14 listed banks in Vietnam for the period 2009–2018 for which required data are available, with the generalized method of moments.

Findings

The findings indicate that intellectual capital contributes significantly and positively to bank performance in Vietnam. In addition, bank performance is driven primarily by capital employed efficiency. Although human capital efficiency appears to contribute positively to bank performance, the effect on bank performance appears to be marginal.

Originality/value

The literature review indicates that the effect of intellectual capital on bank performance is mixed. This effect can be positive or negative or even show a U-shaped relationship. The effects of intellectual capital on firm performance are not consistent, depending on factors such as the quantitative technique and sample used. As such, this paper extends analysis of Vietnam to cover the 10-year period from 2009 to 2018. The literature review reveals that the contribution of intellectual capital to bank performance has largely been ignored in the context of Vietnam. Studies have been conducted on the Gulf countries, such as Buallay et al. (2020). However, because the context in Vietnam differs from that of the Gulf countries, their experience might not be relevant to Vietnam. Vietnam is an emerging market in Southeast Asia, whereas Gulf countries have high income levels. So, it is necessary to examine direct evidence on Vietnam.

中文翻译：

---

越南的智力资本和银行业绩

目的

在过去的 20 年里，智力资本在全球企业绩效中发挥着越来越重要的作用。然而，知识资本在越南的重要性，尤其是在银行业，在文献中基本上被忽视了。本研究首次考察了智力资本对越南银行绩效的影响。在本文中，智力资本被分解为三个组成部分：（1）资本使用效率，（2）人力资本效率和（3）结构资本效率。

设计/方法/方法

本文使用了 2009 年至 2018 年期间越南 14 家上市银行的非平衡面板数据集，其中所需数据可用，并采用广义矩量法。

发现

调查结果表明，智力资本对越南的银行业绩有显着和积极的贡献。此外，银行业绩主要受资本使用效率驱动。尽管人力资本效率似乎对银行绩效有积极贡献，但对银行绩效的影响似乎微乎其微。

原创性/价值

文献综述表明智力资本对银行绩效的影响是混合的。这种影响可以是正面的，也可以是负面的，甚至呈现出U形关系。智力资本对公司绩效的影响并不一致，这取决于所使用的定量技术和样本等因素。因此，本文将越南的分析扩展到 2009 年至 2018 年的 10 年期间。文献回顾表明，在越南的背景下，智力资本对银行绩效的贡献在很大程度上被忽视了。已经对海湾国家进行了研究，例如 Buallay等人。(2020)。然而，由于越南的背景与海湾国家不同，他们的经验可能与越南无关。越南是东南亚的新兴市场，而海湾国家的收入水平较高。因此，有必要审查有关越南的直接证据。