The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass waste into fuels and chemicals can be regarded as a carbon-neutral circular framework, which is particularly appealing for our sustainable society. In this work, we constructed a homogeneous Lewis acid catalytic system using CoCl₂ as a catalyst to efficiently convert the lignocellulosic biomass waste into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF)-enriched bio-oil by a hydrothermal process. CoCl₂ could selectively catalyze the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose in the lignocellulosic biomass to produce 5-HMF in a maximum yield of 22.8%, leaving the hydrothermally carbonized lignin as the residual hydrochar. The hydrochar with a high Co(II) content was further converted into biochar-stabilized Co nanoparticles via a pyrolysis process, producing considerable amounts of light hydrocarbons, aromatics, phenols, and vanillin and forming no solid waste. The as-synthesized biochar-stabilized Co nanoparticles were then used as catalysts and exhibited a favorable catalytic activity and recyclability. This work would provide a new approach in lignocellulosic biomass conversion to simultaneously produce valuable chemicals and functional biochar materials.

中文翻译：

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木质纤维素生物质废物高效转化为富含5-羟甲基糠醛的生物油和Co纳米颗粒功能化生物炭

木质纤维素生物质废物转化为燃料和化学品可被视为一种碳中和的循环框架，这对于我们的可持续发展社会特别有吸引力。在这项工作中，我们使用CoCl ₂作为催化剂构建了均相的路易斯酸催化体系，以通过水热工艺将木质纤维素生物质废料有效地转化为富含5-羟甲基糠醛（5-HMF）的生物油。氯化钴₂可以选择性催化木质纤维素生物质中纤维素和半纤维素的分解，生成5-HMF，最大产率为22.8％，而水热碳化木质素为残留的水炭。具有高Co（II）含量的水炭通过热解过程进一步转化为生物炭稳定的Co纳米颗粒，产生了大量的轻质烃，芳烃，酚和香兰素，并且没有形成固体废物。然后将所合成的生物炭稳定的Co纳米颗粒用作催化剂，并表现出良好的催化活性和可回收性。这项工作将为木质纤维素生物质转化提供新方法，以同时生产有价值的化学物质和功能性生物炭材料。