ABSTRACT

The Anthropocene and the Holocene are coeval. Preserving the Holocene/Anthropocene climate is the overarching concern of twenty-first-century environmental philosophy and ethics. The second wave of the environmental crisis—ozone thinning, biodiversity erosion, and climate change—crested in the mid-1980s and is global in scale. The land ethic is local in scale. Therefore, an earth ethic is needed. Leopold sketched several in 1923: a three-pronged virtue ethic, a care ethic for posterity, an ethic of respect for the living planet. An individualistic ethic for distant future generations falls afoul of the non-identity paradox. Fiduciary care for global civilization can serve as a surrogate.

摘要

人类世和全新世是同时代的。保护全新世/人类世气候是 21 世纪环境哲学和伦理学的首要关注点。第二波环境危机——臭氧变薄、生物多样性侵蚀和气候变化——在 1980 年代中期达到顶峰，具有全球规模。土地伦理在规模上是地方性的。因此，需要地球伦理。利奥波德在 1923 年勾勒出几项：三管齐下的美德伦理、对后代的关怀伦理、对有生命力的星球的尊重伦理。遥远的后代的个人主义伦理与非同一性悖论相冲突。对全球文明的信托关怀可以作为替代品。