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Learning and transfer of perceptual-motor skill: Relationship with gaze and behavioral exploration
Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-23 , DOI: 10.3758/s13414-021-02288-z
Guillaume Hacques , John Komar , Ludovic Seifert

Visual and haptic exploration were shown to be central modes of exploration in the development of locomotion. However, it is unclear how learning affects these modes of exploration in locomotor task such as climbing. The first aim of this study was to investigate the modifications of learners’ exploratory activity during the acquisition of a perceptual-motor skill. The second aim was to determine to what extent the acquired perceptual-motor skill and the learners’ exploratory activity were transferred to environments presenting novel properties. Seven participants attended 10 learning sessions on wall climbing. The effects of practice were assessed during pretest, posttest, and retention tests, each composed of four climbing routes: the route climbed during the learning sessions and three transfer routes. The transfer routes were designed by manipulating either the distance between handholds, the orientation of the handholds or the handholds shape. The results showed that the number of exploratory hand movements and fixations decreased with practice on the learning route. A visual entropy measure suggested that the gaze path in this route became more goal-directed on posttest, but some search was necessary on the retention test. The number of exploratory movements also decreased on the three transfer routes following practice, whereas the number of fixations was higher than on the learning route, suggesting that, with learning, participants relied more on exploration from a distance to adapt to the new properties of the transfer routes. Analyses of the individual performances and behaviors showed differences in the development of skilled exploratory activity.



中文翻译:

学习和感官运动技能的转移:与注视和行为探索的关系

视觉和触觉探索被证明是运动发展中的主要探索方式。但是,尚不清楚学习如何影响运动任务(例如攀爬)中的这些探索模式。这项研究的第一个目的是研究在获得知觉运动技能的过程中学习者的探索活动的改变。第二个目标是确定所获得的知觉运动技能和学习者的探索活动在多大程度上转移到了呈现新特性的环境中。7名参与者参加了10场有关攀岩的学习会议。在前测,后测和保持力测试中评估了练习的效果,每个测试均由四个攀爬路径组成:在学习过程中攀爬的路径和三个转移路径。通过操纵手柄之间的距离,手柄的方向或手柄形状来设计传输路径。结果表明,随着学习路线的实践,探索性手部运动和注视的次数减少了。视觉上的熵测度表明,这条路线上的注视路径在事后测试中变得更具目标指向性,但在保持力测试中必须进行一些搜索。在练习后的三个转移路径上,探索性运动的次数也有所减少,而注视的次数却比在学习路径上的次数高,这表明在学习的过程中,参与者更多地依靠远距离的探索来适应新的适应性。转移路线。

更新日期:2021-03-24
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