Two elite cultivars of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), GPBD 4 and G 2–52, with high productivity, oil content, resistance to late leaf spot [Phaeoisariopsis personata (Berk. & Curt) V. Arx.] (LLS) and rust (Puccinia arachidis Speg.) diseases were improved for oleic acid content using marker-assisted backcrossing. Since both the recurrent parents already possessed the mutant allele at AhFAD2A, only mutant allele at AhFAD2B was transferred from the donor ‘SunOleic 95R’ (oleate of 80.6%). Three rounds of backcrossing with foreground selection using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) assay identified a large number of plants homozygous for the mutant allele at AhFAD2B in BC_nF₂ generations. Evaluation of the advanced generations could identify six and 10 lines with significantly higher oleate than GPBD 4 and G 2–52, respectively. Considering the yield, shelling percentage, oil, and oleate content, the most promising lines HOBC₂GPS_7 and HOBC₂G2S_5 were selected with 112 and 142% oleate recovery over GPBD 4 and G 2–52, respectively. Double digest restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing of these superior lines showed background genome recovery of 77.5 and 69.0%, respectively. These advanced breeding lines with high oleate (∼80%), resistance to LLS and rust and high productivity are under further trials for possible release as varieties for commercial cultivation.

中文翻译：

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通过标记辅助回交育种提高两个商业发布的花生品种的油酸含量

花生的两个优良品种（Arachis hypogaea L.），GPBD 4 和 G 2-52，具有高生产力、含油量、抗晚叶斑病 [ Phaeoisariopsis personata (Berk. & Curt) V. Arx.] (LLS) 和锈病 ( Puccinia arachidis Speg.) 病害的油酸含量使用标记辅助回交得到改善。由于轮回亲本均已具有AhFAD2A的突变等位基因，因此只有AhFAD2B 的突变等位基因从供体“SunOleic 95R”（80.6% 的油酸酯）转移而来。使用等位基因特异性聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 和竞争性等位基因特异性 PCR (KASP) 测定进行三轮与前景选择的回交，在 BC _n F ₂代中鉴定了大量纯合的植物AhFAD2B突变等位基因。对先进世代的评估可以分别鉴定出 6 和 10 株油酸明显高于 GPBD 4 和 G 2-52。综合考虑产量、脱壳率、含油量和油酸含量，最有前景的品系 HOBC ₂ GPS_7 和 HOBC ₂选择的 G2S_5 的油酸回收率分别为 GPBD 4 和 G 2-52 的 112% 和 142%。这些优良品系的双消化限制性位点相关 DNA 测序显示背景基因组回收率分别为 77.5% 和 69.0%。这些具有高油酸 (~80%)、抗 LLS 和锈病以及高生产力的先进育种品系正在进一步试验中，以作为商业栽培品种发布。