We found a statistically significant relationship between the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and Antarctic sea ice concentration (SIC) in austral winter. SIC differences between the easterly phase of the QBO (EQBO) and westerly phase of the QBO (WQBO) show positive anomalies of SIC in the following regions: over the Ross Sea, Weddell Sea, and around 90°E. This wave-3 pattern is clearly seen in June and July, and decays in August. The increased SIC regions correspond to anomalous offshore wind regions, and the reduced SIC regions correspond to onshore wind regions, indicating the atmospheric circulation anomaly produced the SIC anomaly. The atmospheric circulation anomaly is barotropic and closely related with the upper atmospheric flow. The upper circulation anomaly shows a stationary Rossby wave train propagating from Indian Ocean. We show the enhanced convection in the tropical Indian Ocean in EQBO can excite the Rossby wave train. In summary, the stratospheric QBO affects the tropical convection, then generating the Rossby wave train which propagates into southern high latitude, and finally affecting Antarctic sea ice. There exists a possibility to predict winter sea ice in one-year advance, because the QBO is a quasi-regular oscillation.

我们发现南极冬季平流层准双年振荡（QBO）与南极海冰浓度（SIC）之间存在统计学上的显着关系。QBO东相（EQBO）与QBO西风相（WQBO）之间的SIC差异显示以下区域的SIC为正异常：罗斯海、威德尔海和90°E附近。这种波浪 3 模式在 6 月和 7 月清晰可见，并在 8 月衰减。增加的 SIC 区域对应于异常的海上风区，减小的 SIC 区域对应于陆上风区，说明大气环流异常产生了 SIC 异常。大气环流异常呈正压性，与高层大气流动密切相关。上环流异常显示了从印度洋传播的静止罗斯比波列。我们展示了 EQBO 中热带印度洋中增强的对流可以激发罗斯比波列。总之，平流层QBO影响热带对流，然后产生传播到南部高纬度的罗斯比波列，最终影响南极海冰。存在提前一年预测冬季海冰的可能性，因为 QBO 是一种准规则振荡。