There seems to be a deep tension between two aspects of aesthetic appreciation. On the one hand, we care about getting things right. Our attempts at aesthetic judgments aim at correctness. On the other hand, we demand autonomy. We want appreciators to arrive at their aesthetic judgments through their own cognitive efforts, rather than through deferring to experts. These two demands seem to be in tension; after all, if we want to get the right judgments, we should defer to the judgments of experts. How can we resolve this tension? The best explanation, I suggest, is that aesthetic appreciation is something like a game. When we play a game, we try to win. But often, winning isn’t the point; playing is. Aesthetic appreciation involves the same flipped motivational structure: we aim at the goal of correctness, but having correct judgments isn’t the point. The point is the engaged process of interpreting, investigating, and exploring the aesthetic object. When one defers to aesthetic testimony, then, one makes the same mistake as when one looks up the answer to a puzzle, rather than solving it for oneself. The shortcut defeats the whole point. This suggests a new account of aesthetic value: the engagement account. The primary value of the activity of aesthetic appreciation lies in the process of trying to generate correct judgments, and not in having correct judgments.

中文翻译：

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自治与审美参与

审美欣赏的两个方面之间似乎存在着深深的张力。一方面，我们关心正确的事情。我们对美学判断的尝试旨在正确性。另一方面，我们要求自治。我们希望欣赏者通过自己的认知努力而不是顺从专家的意见来做出审美判断。这两个需求似乎很紧张。毕竟，如果我们要做出正确的判断，就应该遵从专家的判断。我们如何解决这种紧张关系？我建议最好的解释是，审美欣赏就像是一场游戏。当我们玩游戏时，我们会尝试取胜。但是通常，赢钱不是重点。玩的是。审美欣赏涉及同样的动机结构：我们以正确性为目标，但要有正确的判断不是重点。重点是解释，研究和探索美学对象的参与过程。当人们按照美学的证词去做时，就会犯与当人们寻找一个谜题的答案而不是自己解决问题时相同的错误。捷径击败了一切。这暗示了一个审美价值的新描述：参与性描述。审美欣赏活动的主要价值在于试图做出正确的判断，而不是做出正确的判断。捷径击败了整个问题。这暗示了一个审美价值的新描述：参与性描述。审美欣赏活动的主要价值在于试图做出正确的判断，而不是做出正确的判断。捷径击败了一切。这暗示了一个审美价值的新描述：参与性描述。审美欣赏活动的主要价值在于试图做出正确的判断，而不是做出正确的判断。