High flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNCO) is a relatively new technique used to deliver oxygen in respiratory failure patients. This retrospective study is aiming to assess the role and benefits of using HFNCO compared to non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in management of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A retrospective analysis of the files of 63 patients with COVID-19 and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), 37 patients received HFNCO as initial therapy, and 26 patients were primarily treated with NIV. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of baseline characteristics, laboratory tests, arterial blood gases, PaO2/FiO2 values, and vital signs. Re-assessment after 24 h of starting treatment with either HFNCO or NIV showed significant improvement (P<0.01) in the respiratory rate, heart rate, and oxygenation parameters. The magnitude of improvement of the vital signs and oxygenation was not significantly different between patients using HFNCO or NIV. Success rate of HFNCO was 86.4%, endotracheal intubation with invasive mechanical ventilation was required in 10.81% of patients, and mortality rate was 2.7%. Success rate of NIV was 84.6%, endotracheal intubation rate was 11.53%, and mortality rate was 3.8%. No significant difference (P>0.05) between the 2 groups as regards the duration of treatment, rate of endotracheal intubation with invasive mechanical ventilation, and mortality rate. High flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNCO) is effective in the management of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure associated with COVID-19. Its efficacy is similar to NIV, with no difference in the duration of treatment, endotracheal intubation rate, or mortality rate.

中文翻译：

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高通量鼻插管氧气和无创机械通气治疗COVID-19急性呼吸衰竭患者：一项回顾性观察研究

高流量鼻导管氧气（HFNCO）是一种用于向呼吸衰竭患者提供氧气的相对较新的技术。这项回顾性研究旨在评估与无创通气（NIV）相比使用HFNCO在2019年与冠状病毒病相关的急性低氧血症性呼吸衰竭患者（COVID-19）的治疗中的作用和益处。回顾性分析重症监护病房（ICU）收治的63例COVID-19和急性低氧血症性呼吸衰竭的患者，37例接受HFNCO作为初始治疗的患者以及26例主要接受NIV治疗的患者。两组在基线特征，实验室检查，动脉血气，PaO2 / FiO2值和生命体征方面无显着差异。用HFNCO或NIV开始治疗24小时后的重新评估显示，呼吸频率，心率和氧合参数显着改善（P <0.01）。使用HFNCO或NIV的患者之间，生命体征和氧合改善的程度没有显着差异。HFNCO的成功率为86.4％，需要气管插管并进行有创机械通气的患者为10​​.81％，死亡率为2.7％。NIV成功率为84.6％，气管插管成功率为11.53％，死亡率为3.8％。两组在治疗时间，有创机械通气的气管插管发生率和死亡率方面无显着性差异（P> 0.05）。高流量鼻导管氧气（HFNCO）可有效治疗与COVID-19相关的急性低氧血症性呼吸衰竭。其疗效与NIV相似，但治疗时间，气管插管率或死亡率无差异。