Depression is the most frequent psychiatric comorbidity in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and hippocampal sclerosis (HS). This study aimed to confirm whether patients with comorbid depression have different volumetric patterns on magnetic resonance imaging, analysing the influence of HS sides. Psychiatrists conducted semi-structured interviews with 75 patients, who were divided into non-depression group (NDG, n = 52) and depression group (DG, n = 23), and compared with 98 controls. The FreeSurfer software was used in the volumetric analysis of the estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV), bilateral cortical and subcortical regions of interest (ROIs), and for presence of left (L-, n = 41) or right (R-, n = 34) MTLE-HS. Twenty-three (30.7%) patients had depression, of whom 14 (34.1%) had l-MTLE-HS and 9 (26.5%) had R-MTLE-HS. No difference was observed between DG and NDG vs. controls in terms of eTIV and cortical ROIs, regardless of the severity of depression. In patients with l-MTLE-HS, the eTIV in the DG was reduced in comparison with that in the NDG and control group, with a small effect size. Hippocampal reduction occurred ipsilateral to HS in the l-MTLE-HS and R-MTLE-HS subgroups when DG and NDG were compared with controls, as expected according to Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (2018).

抑郁症是患有颞叶内侧颞叶癫痫（MTLE）和海马硬化（HS）的患者中最常见的精神病合并症。这项研究旨在确认合并症抑郁症患者的磁共振成像是否具有不同的体积模式，并分析HS侧的影响。精神科医生对75例患者进行了半结构式访谈，他们分为非抑郁症组（NDG，n  = 52）和抑郁症组（DG，n  = 23），并与98名对照组进行了比较。FreeSurfer软件用于估计的总颅内体积（eTIV），双侧皮质和皮质下感兴趣区域（ROIs）以及左（L-，n  = 41）或右（R-，n = 34）MTLE-HS。23例（30.7％）患有抑郁症的患者，其中14例（34.1％）患有l -MTLE-HS，9例（26.5％）患有R-MTLE-HS。不论抑郁症的严重程度如何，在eTIV和皮质ROIs方面，DG和NDG与对照组之间均未观察到差异。在1 -MTLE-HS患者中，与NDG和对照组相比，DG中的eTIV降低了，影响大小较小。当将DG和NDG与对照组进行比较时，海马减少发生在l -MTLE-HS和R-MTLE-HS亚组的HS同侧，这是根据通过Meta分析增强神经成像遗传学（2018）所预期的。