This study aimed to investigate transitions in patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and psychological distress among South Koreans with traumatic experiences. This study consists of two parts: In Part 1 the time since trauma ranged between 0 and 41 years, while in Part 2 participants experienced at least one traumatic event within the previous three years. We identified subgroups and transitions between classes over a one-year period using latent profile analysis and latent transition analysis. First, in Part 1, four classes were identified at T1 and T2. Second, we explored whether age, sex, time since trauma, and time perspective (TP) predicted class membership at T1. Age, past-negative (PN), present-fatalistic, and future TPs were significant predictors of class membership at T1. Finally, sex, PN, and future TPs were identified as significant predictors of class transition over time. The same analysis was conducted in Part 2 with individuals chosen from the Part 1 participants. Differential effects of TP on class membership and transitions in PTSD symptoms and psychological distress indicated the need for intervention programs that consider the TP profiles of individuals with traumatic experiences.

中文翻译：

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有创伤经历的韩国成年人的创伤后应激障碍症状和心理困扰模式的纵向转变

本研究旨在调查有创伤经历的韩国人的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 症状和心理困扰模式的转变。这项研究由两部分组成：在第 1 部分中，自创伤发生的时间介于 0 到 41 年之间，而在第 2 部分中，参与者在过去三年内至少经历了一次创伤事件。我们使用潜在剖面分析和潜在转换分析确定了一年内班级之间的亚组和转换。首先，在第 1 部分中，在 T1 和 T2 确定了四个类。其次，我们探讨了年龄、性别、创伤后时间和时间视角 (TP) 是否预测了 T1 的班级成员资格。年龄、过去阴性 (PN)、现在宿命论和未来 TP 是 T1 班级成员资格的重要预测因素。最后，性别，PN，和未来的 TP 被确定为随着时间的推移阶级转变的重要预测因素。第 2 部分对从第 1 部分参与者中选出的个人进行了相同的分析。TP 对班级成员的不同影响以及 PTSD 症状和心理困扰的转变表明需要考虑具有创伤经历的个体的 TP 概况的干预计划。