In order to maximize the lethality and reversibility of the non-lethal laser weapons (NLLW) at the same time and thus provide a theoretical basis for the R&D of laser weapons in the future, this paper accurately analyzed the limiting biological dose of irreversible damage to human skin caused by the NLLW. Firstly, based on the burn theory in medicine and the actual tactical background, this paper redefines the evaluation criteria of the limiting laser dose of NLLW to the human body. Secondly, on the basis of anatomical knowledge, a 5-layer finite element model (FEM) of superficial skin is proposed, constructed and verified, which can accurately describe the limiting reversible damage. Based on the optimized Pennes bioheat transfer equation, the diffusion approximation theory, the modified Beer-Lambert law, the Arrhenius equation, and combined with dynamic thermophysical parameters, this paper highly restored the temperature distribution and accurately solved the necrotic tissue distribution inside the human skin irradiated by 1064 nm laser. Finally, it is concluded that the maximum human dose of the 1064 nm NLLW is 8.93 J/cm², 8.29J/cm², and 8.17 J/cm² when the light spots are 5 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm, respectively, and the corresponding output power of the weapon is 46.74 W,173.72 W and 384.77 W. Simultaneously, the temperature and damage distribution in the tissue at the time of ultimate damage are discussed from the axial and radial dimensions, respectively. The conclusions and analysis methods proposed in this paper are of great guiding significance for future research in military, medical and many other related fields.

为了同时最大限度地发挥非致命性激光武器（NLLW）的杀伤力和可逆性，从而为未来激光武器的研发提供理论依据，本文准确分析了不可逆损伤的极限生物剂量。 NLLW 引起的人体皮肤。首先，基于医学烧伤理论和实际战术背景，重新定义了NLLW对人体的限制激光剂量的评价标准。其次，在解剖学知识的基础上，提出、构建并验证了一种能够准确描述极限可逆损伤的5层浅表皮肤有限元模型（FEM）。基于优化的 Pennes 生物传热方程、扩散近似理论、修正的 Beer-Lambert 定律、Arrhenius 方程，并结合动态热物理参数，高度还原温度分布，准确求解1064 nm激光照射人体皮肤内部坏死组织分布。最后得出结论，1064 nm NLLW 的最大人体剂量为 8.93 J/cm² , 8.29J/cm ² , 8.17 J/cm ²光斑分别为5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 武器对应输出功率为46.74 W, 173.72 W, 384.77 W。同时，分别从轴向和径向维度讨论了极限损伤时组织中的温度和损伤分布。本文提出的结论和分析方法对未来军事、医学等诸多相关领域的研究具有重要的指导意义。