In this work, 1272 superflares on 311 stars are collected from 22,539 solar-type stars from the second-year observation of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), which almost covered the northern hemisphere of the sky. Three superflare stars contain hot Jupiter candidates or ultrashort-period planet candidates. We obtain γ = −1.76 0.11 of the correlation between flare frequency and flare energy () for all superflares and get β = 0.42 0.01 of the correlation between superflare duration and energy (T _duration ∝ E ^β ), which supports that a similar mechanism is shared by stellar superflares and solar flares. Stellar photometric variability (R _var) is estimated for all solar-type stars, and the relation of is included. An indicator of chromospheric activity (S-index) is obtained by using data from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) for 7454 solar-type stars. Distributions of these two properties indicate that the Sun is generally less active than superflare stars. We find that saturation-like feature of R _var ∼ 0.1 may be the reason for superflare energy saturating around 10³⁶ erg. Object TIC 93277807 was captured by the TESS first-year mission and generated the most energetic superflare. This superflare is valuable and unique in that it can be treated as an extreme event, which may be generated by different mechanisms than other superflares.

在这项工作中，从几乎覆盖北半球天空的凌日系外行星测量卫星（TESS）的第二年观测中收集到的 22,539 颗太阳型恒星中，收集了 311 颗恒星上的 1272 颗超级耀斑。三颗超级耀斑星包含热木星候选者或超短周期行星候选者。我们得到所有超级耀斑的耀斑频率和耀斑能量 ( )之间相关性的γ = -1.76 0.11并得到超级耀斑持续时间和能量之间的相关性β = 0.42 0.01 ( T _duration ∝ E ^β )，这支持类似的机制是由恒星超级耀斑和太阳耀斑共享。恒星光度变化（R _var ) 是对所有的太阳型恒星进行估计的，并且包含了 的关系。色球活动指标（S指数）是通过使用来自大天区多目标光纤光谱望远镜（LAMOST）的 7454 颗太阳型恒星的数据获得的。这两个特性的分布表明，太阳通常不如超级耀斑星活跃。我们发现R _var ∼ 0.1的类饱和特征可能是超耀斑能量在 10 ³⁶左右饱和的原因尔格。物体 TIC 93277807 被苔丝第一年的任务捕获并产生了最有活力的超级耀斑。这种超级耀斑是有价值和独特的，因为它可以被视为一种极端事件，它可能由与其他超级耀斑不同的机制产生。