The gravitational-wave detectors outputs from the LIGO and Virgo collaborations have been a source of scientific results of prime importance in various domains such as astrophysics, cosmology or fundamental physics. With the upgrades of the detectors and their improved sensitivities, new challenges are set for these instruments calibration. A calibration method based on the local variations of the Newtonian gravitational field could be the next absolute reference of calibration for the interferometers network. We report new tests of Newtonian calibrators (NCal) on the advanced Virgo detector performed during the LIGO–Virgo observing run O3. The NCal-induced strain on a mirror of the interferometer has been computed both using analytical calculations and numerical simulations with results in very good agreement. The strains given by the numerical model have been used to analyse the data of the NCals and have been compared to the reference method of calibration using photon radiation pressure. New methods to measure the NCal to mirror distance and the NCal offset with respect to the plane of the interferometer using two NCals are also presented. They are used to correct the NCal data which improves the agreement with the current advanced Virgo reference of calibration.

LIGO和Virgo合作的引力波检测器输出已成为在各个领域（如天体物理学，宇宙学或基础物理学）中极为重要的科学结果的来源。随着检测器的升级和灵敏度的提高，这些仪器的校准面临新的挑战。基于牛顿重力场局部变化的校准方法可能是干涉仪网络校准的下一个绝对参考。我们报告了在LIGO-Virgo观测运行O3期间在先进的处女座探测器上进行的牛顿校准器（NCal）的新测试。已经使用解析计算和数值模拟计算了干涉仪镜面上NCal引起的应变，其结果非常吻合。数值模型给出的应变已用于分析NCals的数据，并已与使用光子辐射压力进行校准的参考方法进行了比较。还介绍了使用两个NCal测量NCal到镜面距离和相对于干涉仪平面的NCal偏移的新方法。它们用于校正NCal数据，从而改善与当前先进的处女座校准参考的一致性。