The governments worldwide have attached great importance to open government data (OGD), and many OGD projects have emerged in recent years. However, the performance of OGD greatly differs in various districts and governments. Therefore, the influencing factors of OGD performance should be explored. However, the existing research has not yet established a systematic analytical framework for OGD performance, and the explanation degree of performance differences in OGD implementation is limited. Thus, this study takes technical management capacity, financial resource, organization arrangement, rules and regulations, organization culture, public demand, and inter-government competition as antecedent conditions under the perspective of technology–organization–environment framework and resource-based theory. From the cases of 16 provincial OGD practice in China, we employ fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to explore the influencing mechanism of the interaction and coordination of multiple conditions on OGD performance. Results indicate that OGD performance depends on the integration of the total effect of various factors. Moreover, four configurational paths could be utilized to achieve high OGD performance, namely, organization–balanced path, organization–environment path, balanced path, and organization–technology path. Furthermore, a substitution relationship exists among different conditional variables, which points out the direction and focus of the implementation of OGD for governments with different endowment characteristics. This study enriches the existing studies of OGD implementation and provides references for OGD practice.

世界各国政府都非常重视开放政府数据（OGD），近年来涌现了许多OGD项目。然而，OGD 的表现在不同地区和政府之间存在很大差异。因此，应探讨OGD性能的影响因素。然而，现有研究尚未建立系统的OGD性能分析框架，对OGD实施中性能差异的解释程度有限。因此，本研究在技术-组织-环境框架和资源基础理论的视角下，以技术管理能力、财务资源、组织安排、规章制度、组织文化、公共需求和政府间竞争为前提条件。我们从我国16个省级OGD实践案例中，采用模糊集定性比较分析，探讨了多种条件相互作用和协调对OGD绩效的影响机制。结果表明OGD性能取决于各种因素的总效应的整合。此外，可以利用四种配置路径来实现高 OGD 性能，即组织-平衡路径、组织-环境路径、平衡路径和组织-技术路径。此外，不同条件变量之间存在替代关系，为不同禀赋特征政府实施OGD指明了方向和重点。本研究丰富了现有OGD实施的研究，为OGD实践提供了参考。