ABSTRACT

Education is key to development strategies in Africa. We use overeducation and undereducation to analyse the effectiveness of education in preparing individuals for employment in Kenya and Ghana, using the Skills Towards Employment and Productivity Survey. Systematic differences in wages between matched, overeducated and undereducated workers hold across attainment levels, even controlling for cognitive skills. Overeducated workers are rewarded above exactly matched workers, partially supporting human capital theory. Undereducated workers are compensated over their education level, following the job competition model. Obtaining a job through social networks is widespread, but associated with lower wages for the overeducated and exactly matched.

摘要

教育是非洲发展战略的关键。我们通过“就业技能和生产力调查”，利用教育过度和教育不足来分析教育在为肯尼亚和加纳的个人就业做好准备方面的有效性。匹配的、受过教育的和受教育不足的工人之间工资的系统性差异适用于不同的成就水平，甚至控制了认知技能。受过教育的工人的奖励高于完全匹配的工人，这在一定程度上支持了人力资本理论。按照工作竞争模式，受教育程度低的工人根据他们的教育水平得到补偿。通过社交网络获得工作很普遍，但与受过教育且完全匹配的人的工资较低有关。