An engineered system is designed to deliver certain performance related to its quality-of-service, and while doing so, it must also maintain stable operation. Resilience of a system is its ability to continue to offer system performance stably, while withstanding any adverse events. Motivated by this concept, we propose to measure the resilience level of a power system by quantifying its stability level as measured by: transient stability margin (TSM), critical clearance time (CCT), relay margin (RM), and load security margin (LSM), as well as its performance level as measured by: load loss (LL) and recovery/repair time (RT) while being exposed to adverse events. For comparability, we also propose a normalization for each of the 6 measures to a number in the unit interval [0, 1], which is scale-invariant, and further probabilistically average each of those across all possible sequences of faults (of a specified length) against their occurrence probabilities to arrive at a set of 6 unit-interval valued indices. New polynomial complexity algorithms (in the number of generators) are proposed for estimating TSM (in form of volume of region of stability) and CCT; new quadratic program formulation for precise computation of RM is developed and implemented; also, new security and stability informed notions of LSM and LL are introduced and implemented by extending continuation power flow. Such quantification of resilience levels provides a numerical measure to compare the relative abilities of different power grids to withstand the impact of sequences of adverse events. The proposed approach is illustrated by computing and comparing the resilience of three similar power system topologies differing only in the location of generators. The framework is further validated by implementing it on the IEEE 30-bus test system.

中文翻译：

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电源/电子物理系统的弹性指标

经过精心设计的系统旨在提供特定的 表现 与服务质量有关，并且在这样做的同时，还必须保持 稳定的手术。系统的弹性是它能够稳定地提供系统性能，同时承受任何不利事件的能力。受此概念的启发，我们建议通过量化电力系统的弹性水平来对其进行衡量。稳定度 通过以下方法测量：暂态稳定裕度（TSM），临界间隙时间（CCT），继电裕度（RM）和负载安全裕度（LSM）及其 表现水平可以通过以下方式测得：负载损失（LL）和恢复/修复时间（RT），同时还受到不良事件的影响。为了进行比较，我们还建议对6个量度中的每个量度进行归一化，以单位间隔[0，1]中的数值为标度不变，并进一步概率性地将所有可能的故障序列（指定的长度）相对于它们的出现概率，得出一组6个单位间隔值索引。提出了新的多项式复杂度算法（生成器数量）来估计TSM（以稳定区域的体积形式）和CCT。开发并实施了用于精确计算RM的新的二次程序公式；此外，通过扩展连续功率流，引入并实现了LSM和LL的新的安全性和稳定性知情概念。弹性水平的这种量化提供了一种数字量度，以比较不同电网承受不利事件序列的影响的相对能力。通过计算和比较仅在发电机位置上不同的三种相似电力系统拓扑的弹性来说明所提出的方法。通过在IEEE 30总线测试系统上实施该框架，可以进一步验证该框架。