The Wind spacecraft, launched on November 1, 1994, is a critical element in NASA’s Heliophysics System Observatory (HSO)—a fleet of spacecraft created to understand the dynamics of the Sun‐Earth system. The combination of its longevity (>25 years in service), its diverse complement of instrumentation, and high resolution and accurate measurements has led to it becoming the “standard candle” of solar wind measurements. Wind has over 55 selectable public data products with over ∼1,100 total data variables (including OMNI data products) on SPDF/CDAWeb alone. These data have led to paradigm shifting results in studies of statistical solar wind trends, magnetic reconnection, large‐scale solar wind structures, kinetic physics, electromagnetic turbulence, the Van Allen radiation belts, coronal mass ejection topology, interplanetary and interstellar dust, the lunar wake, solar radio bursts, solar energetic particles, and extreme astrophysical phenomena such as gamma‐ray bursts. This review introduces the mission and instrument suites then discusses examples of the contributions by Wind to these scientific topics that emphasize its importance to both the fields of heliophysics and astrophysics.

中文翻译：

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四分之一世纪的风飞船发现

“风”飞船于1994年11月1日发射升空，是美国宇航局太阳物理学系统天文台（HSO）的重要组成部分。使用寿命长（使用寿命超过25年），各种仪器组合以及高分辨率和精确的测量结果相结合，使其成为太阳风测量的“标准蜡烛”。风仅在SPDF / CDAWeb上，就有超过55种可选择的公共数据产品，其总数据变量（包括OMNI数据产品）超过1100个。这些数据导致了在统计太阳风趋势，磁重联，大型太阳风结构，动力学，电磁湍流，范艾伦辐射带，日冕物质抛射拓扑，星际和星际尘埃，月球的研究中发生了范式转换结果。唤醒，太阳无线电爆发，太阳高能粒子以及极端天体物理学现象，例如伽马射线爆发。这篇评论介绍了任务和仪器套件，然后讨论了Wind对这些科学主题做出的贡献的示例，这些示例强调了它对日物理学和天体物理学领域的重要性。