Abstract

The ‘sharing economy’ epitomized by Airbnb and Uber has challenged business, labor, and regulatory institutions throughout the world. The arrival of Airbnb and Uber in Japan provided an opportunity for Prime Minister Abe’s administration to demonstrate its commitment to deregulation. Both platform companies garnered support from powerful governmental and industry actors who framed the sharing economy as a solution to various economic and social problems. However, they met resistance from actors elsewhere in government, the private sector, and civil society, who constructed competing frames. Unlike studies that compare national responses to the sharing economy, we contrast the different experiences and fates of Airbnb and Uber within a single country. Doing so highlights actors, framing processes, and within-country heterogeneity. The study reveals the limits of overly institutionalized understandings of Japanese political economy. It also contributes to current debates concerning Prime Minister Abe’s efforts at implementing deregulation during the 2010s.

中文翻译：

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日本迎接共享经济：竞争框架

摘要

Airbnb和Uber代表的“共享经济”挑战了全球的商业，劳工和监管机构。Airbnb和Uber进入日本，为安倍首相政府展示其放松管制承诺提供了机会。两家平台公司都获得了强大的政府和行业参与者的支持，他们将共享经济构想为各种经济和社会问题的解决方案。但是，他们遇到了政府，私营部门和公民社会其他方面的参与者的抵制，他们构建了相互竞争的框架。与比较国家对共享经济的反应的研究不同，我们对比了一个国家中Airbnb和Uber的不同经历和命运。这样做突出了参与者，框架过程和国家内部的异质性。该研究揭示了对日本政治经济学过度制度化理解的局限性。它还为有关安倍首相在2010年代实施放松管制的努力的当前辩论做出了贡献。