In this research, a promising class of insensitive and high-energy dense biopolymers, which contain nitrogen-rich 1H-tetrazol-1-yl acetate and nitrate ester functional groups, was successfully synthesized through tetrazole derivatization and nitration of cellulose and its micro-sized derivative (TNCN and TCMCN). Their molecular structures, physicochemical properties, thermal behaviors, mechanical sensitivities and detonation performances were studied and compared to those of the corresponding nitrocellulose and nitrated micro-sized cellulose (NCN and CMCN). The developed energetic TNCN and TCMCN exhibited insensitive character with excellent features such as density of 1.710 g/cm³ and 1.726 g/cm³, nitrogen content of 20.95% and 22.59%, and detonation velocity of 7552 m/s and 7786 m/s, respectively, and thereby demonstrate their potential applications as new generation of energetic biopolymers to substitute the common NCN. Furthermore, thermal results showed that the designed nitrated and chemical modified cellulosic biopolymers displayed good thermal stability with multistep decomposition mechanism. These results enrich future prospects for the design of promising insensitive and high-energy dense cellulose-rich materials and commence a new chapter in this field.

本研究通过四唑衍生和纤维素及其微米级的硝化反应，成功合成了一类具有富氮功能的高能高能致密生物聚合物，其中含有富氮的乙酸 1H-四唑-1-酯和硝酸酯官能团。衍生物（TNCN 和 TCMCN）。研究了它们的分子结构、物理化学性质、热行为、机械敏感性和爆轰性能，并与相应的硝化纤维素和硝化微尺寸纤维素（NCN 和 CMCN）进行了比较。开发的高能TNCN和TCCMN表现出不敏感的特性，密度分别为1.710 g/cm ³和1.726 g/cm ³, 氮含量分别为 20.95% 和 22.59%, 爆速分别为 7552 m/s 和 7786 m/s, 从而证明了它们作为新一代高能生物聚合物替代普通 NCN 的潜在应用。此外，热学结果表明，设计的硝化和化学改性纤维素生物聚合物具有良好的热稳定性和多步分解机制。这些结果丰富了设计有前途的不敏感和高能密集的富含纤维素的材料的未来前景，并开启了该领域的新篇章。