ABSTRACT

This study compares the environmental impacts of various durability scenarios of a case-study wood structure, including variations on wood species, preservative products and treatment methods. The method applied in this study compared the environmental impacts of various durability scenarios exposed to use class 3.1 during 30 years. Durability scenarios vary in terms of wood species (Softwoods – Cryptomeria, Spruce and Maritime pine; and Hardwoods – Eucalyptus), treatment methods (superficial (ST) and pressurized (PT)), and preservative products (solvent-based insecticide and fungicide – used for ST, and water-based biocide – used for PT). The system boundary included: preservatives production, sawn wood production, application of preservative treatment, use and end-of-life. The environmental impacts were calculated with the methodology given by EN 15804+A2. Eucalyptus and Spruce species do not have enough durability for the defined use class even when treated with pressurized methods. The results show that softwoods treated with ST have the lowest impacts on the majority of impact categories, followed by Maritime pine treated with PT. The majority of impacts categories are mainly influenced by treatment and wood production. The emissions during the use and end-of-life stages have a high influence on “Eco-toxicity (freshwater)” and “Human toxicity, cancer effects” categories, respectively.

摘要

本研究比较了案例研究木结构的各种耐久性情景对环境的影响，包括木材种类、防腐产品和处理方法的变化。本研究中应用的方法比较了 30 年期间暴露于 3.1 类使用的各种耐久性场景的环境影响。耐久性方案因木材种类（软木 – 柳杉、云杉和海松；硬木 – 桉树）、处理方法（表面处理 (ST) 和加压 (PT)）和防腐剂产品（溶剂型杀虫剂和杀菌剂 – 使用）而异用于 ST，以及水基杀菌剂——用于 PT）。系统边界包括：防腐剂生产、锯材生产、防腐处理的应用、使用和报废。环境影响是根据 EN 15804+A2 给出的方法计算的。即使用加压方法处理，桉树和云杉树种也没有足够的耐久性来满足定义的使用类别。结果表明，经过 ST 处理的软木对大多数影响类别的影响最低，其次是经过 PT 处理的滨海松。大多数影响类别主要受处理和木材生产的影响。使用和报废阶段的排放分别对“生态毒性（淡水）”和“人体毒性、癌症影响”类别有很大影响。结果表明，经过 ST 处理的软木对大多数影响类别的影响最低，其次是经过 PT 处理的滨海松。大多数影响类别主要受处理和木材生产的影响。使用和报废阶段的排放分别对“生态毒性（淡水）”和“人体毒性、癌症影响”类别有很大影响。结果表明，经过 ST 处理的软木对大多数影响类别的影响最低，其次是经过 PT 处理的滨海松。大多数影响类别主要受处理和木材生产的影响。使用和报废阶段的排放分别对“生态毒性（淡水）”和“人体毒性、癌症影响”类别有很大影响。