Abstract

Cancer is a broad term used to describe a group of diseases that have more than 270 types. Today, due to the suffering of patients from the side effects of existing methods in the treatment of cancer such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the employment of targeted methods in the treatment of this disease has been received much consideration. In recent years, nanoparticles have revolutionized in the treatment of many diseases such as cancer. Among these nanoparticles, liposomes are more considerable. Active targeted liposomes show an important role in the selective action of the drug on cancer cells. Until now, a variety of anti-cancer agents have been reported for targeted delivery to cancer cells using liposomes. The results of in vitro and studies in vivo have been shown that selective action of the targeted liposomes is increased with reduced side effects and toxicity compared with free drugs or non-targeted liposomes. This systematic review expresses the reports of this type of drug delivery system. Search terms were searched through several online databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct from 1990 to 2019 and the quality evaluation was performed. Out of 11,676 published articles, 196 articles met the inclusion criteria. The current report reviews developments in the liposomes targeted with aptamer, transferrin, folate, and monoclonal antibodies.

摘要

癌症是一个广义术语，用于描述一组具有 270 多种类型的疾病。今天，由于现有的癌症治疗方法（如化学疗法和放射疗法）的副作用使患者遭受痛苦，因此在该疾病的治疗中采用靶向方法已受到很多关注。近年来，纳米粒子在癌症等多种疾病的治疗中发生了革命性的变化。在这些纳米颗粒中，脂质体更为可观。活性靶向脂质体在药物对癌细胞的选择性作用中显示出重要作用。迄今为止，已经报道了多种抗癌剂使用脂质体靶向递送至癌细胞。体外结果和体内研究已经表明，与游离药物或非靶向脂质体相比，靶向脂质体的选择性作用增加，副作用和毒性降低。本系统评价表达了此类药物输送系统的报告。从 1990 年到 2019 年，通过 PubMed、Scopus 和 Science Direct 等多个在线数据库对搜索词进行了搜索，并进行了质量评估。在已发表的 11,676 篇文章中，有 196 篇文章符合纳入标准。本报告回顾了适体、转铁蛋白、叶酸和单克隆抗体靶向脂质体的发展。