We sought to provide the first point prevalence estimates of muscle dysmorphia (MD), a form of body dysmorphic disorder characterized by a preoccupation with perceived insufficient muscularity, in adolescents.

Data were taken from a survey of 3618 Australian adolescents (11.172–19.76 years; 49.3% girls). Measures captured demographic characteristics, symptoms of MD and eating disorders, psychological distress and functional impairment. Diagnostic criteria for MD developed by Pope et al. (1997, Psychosomatics, 38(6), 548–557) were applied, entailing preoccupation with insufficient muscularity causing significant levels of distress or disability that cannot be better accounted for by an eating disorder.

The point prevalence of MD was 2.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6–3.0%] among boys and 1.4% (95% CI 0.9–2.0%) among girls. Prevalence was not associated with gender (V = 0.031) or socioeconomic status (SES) (partial η2< 0.001), but was marginally associated with older age (partial η2 = 0.001). Boys with MD were more likely than girls with MD to report severe preoccupation with muscularity (V = 0.259) and a weight-lifting regime that interfered with their life (V = 0.286), whereas girls with MD were more likely to report discomfort with body exposure (V = 0.380).

While future epidemiological research using diagnostic interviews is needed to verify these estimates, the findings suggest that MD is relatively common from early to late adolescence. Gender differences in MD prevalence may be minimal; however, the symptom profile appears to diverge between boys and girls. These findings provide a platform for future, analytical research designed to inform clinical and public health interventions.

我们试图提供青少年肌肉畸形 (MD) 的第一点患病率估计，这是一种身体畸形障碍，其特征是专注于感知到的肌肉量不足。

数据取自对 3618 名澳大利亚青少年（11.172–19.76 岁；49.3% 为女孩）的调查。措施包括人口统计学特征、MD 症状和饮食失调、心理困扰和功能障碍。Pope 等人制定的 MD 诊断标准。(1997, Psychosomatics , 38(6), 548–557) 被应用，需要专注于肌肉不足导致严重的痛苦或残疾，这不能更好地用进食障碍来解释。

男性 MD 点患病率为 2.2% [95% 置信区间 (CI) 1.6-3.0%]，女孩为 1.4% (95% CI 0.9-2.0%)。患病率与性别 ( V = 0.031) 或社会经济地位 (SES)无关（部分η 2 < 0.001），但与年龄稍大相关（部分η 2 = 0.001）。患有 MD 的男孩比患有 MD 的女孩更有可能报告严重关注肌肉发达 ( V = 0.259) 和干扰他们生活的举重制度 ( V = 0.286)，而患有 MD 的女孩更有可能报告身体不适曝光 ( V = 0.380)。

虽然未来需要使用诊断访谈进行流行病学研究来验证这些估计，但研究结果表明，MD 在青春期早期到晚期相对普遍。MD 患病率的性别差异可能很小；然而，男孩和女孩的症状特征似乎有所不同。这些发现为未来的分析研究提供了一个平台，旨在为临床和公共卫生干预提供信息。