The foetal bovine serum (FBS) concentration could influence functional parameters of IPEC-J2 cells. IPEC-J2 is a non-transformed continuous epithelial cell line that represents an established in vitro model to study porcine gut inflammation and alterations of intestinal integrity. This cell line also represents a good translational model thanks to the high similitudes between pig and human gastrointestinal tract. With the aim to assess if the FBS-dependent functional variations are linked to the bioenergetic aspects, the addition of 5% and 10% FBS in the IPEC-J2 culture medium were tested. Doubling time and TEER measurement indicated that cells cultured at higher FBS dose grow faster and as a more compact monolayer. 10% FBS increases ATP production and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and does not affect glycolysis. Both at 5% and 10% FBS ATP production mainly comes from OxPhos and FBS concentration does not affect the cell respiration bioenergetic parameters. Noteworthy, IPEC-J2 treated with 5% and 10% FBS have a metabolic potential since both OxPhos and glycolysis increase by > 100% and < 50%, respectively in comparison with baseline metabolism. Moreover, glucose, fatty acids and glutamine constitute the preferred metabolic fuel for mitochondrial respiration at both FBS conditions tested. Accordingly, the cells flexibility to oxidize these substrates shows that IPEC-J2 mitochondria cannot maintain the basal ATP production without oxidizing all the substrates available irrespective of FBS concentration. To sum up, in IPEC-J2 cells OxPhos increases with the FBS-stimulated functional physiological parameters to fulfil ATP requirements.

胎牛血清 (FBS) 浓度会影响 IPEC-J2 细胞的功能参数。IPEC-J2 是一种未转化的连续上皮细胞系，代表已建立的体外模型，用于研究猪肠道炎症和肠道完整性的改变。由于猪和人类胃肠道之间的高度相似性，该细胞系也代表了一个很好的转化模型。为了评估 FBS 依赖性功能变异是否与生物能量方面有关，测试了在 IPEC-J2 培养基中添加 5% 和 10% FBS。倍增时间和 TEER 测量表明，在较高 FBS 剂量下培养的细胞生长得更快，并且形成更紧凑的单层。10% FBS 会增加 ATP 产生和线粒体氧化磷酸化 (OxPhos)，并且不会影响糖酵解。5% 和 10% 的 FBS ATP 生产主要来自 OxPhos，FBS 浓度不影响细胞呼吸生物能参数。值得注意的是，用 5% 和 10% FBS 处理的 IPEC-J2 具有代谢潜力，因为与基线代谢相比，OxPhos 和糖酵解分别增加了 > 100% 和 < 50%。此外，在测试的两种 FBS 条件下，葡萄糖、脂肪酸和谷氨酰胺构成了线粒体呼吸的首选代谢燃料。因此，细胞氧化这些底物的灵活性表明 IPEC-J2 线粒体不能在不氧化所有可用底物的情况下维持基础 ATP 产生，而不管 FBS 浓度如何。总之，在 IPEC-J2 细胞中，OxPhos 随着 FBS 刺激的功能生理参数增加，以满足 ATP 需求。