The Silond catfish Silonia silondia, locally known as Nga Myin Yinn, is a commercially important fish in Myanmar; however, fundamental knowledge of its population structure is insufficient. Specimens caught in different regions of the Ayeyarwady River, the basin of which is the country’s largest, from 2017 to 2019 were used to sequence two mitochondrial (mt)DNA genes, cytochrome b and ATPase 6/8, for investigating population differentiation. Phylogenetic trees and pairwise fixation index values revealed that the populations of S. silondia differed between Myanmar and Bangladesh/India, whereas the populations and mtDNA haplotypes were not significantly different among four regions of the Ayeyarwady River (Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Magway, and Mandalay). In addition, no unique haplotype was observed, given the lack of nucleotide diversity. Thus, S. silondia in the Ayeyarwady River can be considered a single population, which is different from those of Bangladesh/India. Our study provides the first content for understanding the genetic diversity of S. silondia in the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar according to molecular analyses. These genetic data will be useful for understanding the genetic diversity of this species in South and Southeast Asia.

Silond fish鱼Silonia silondia，在当地被称为Nga Myin Yinn，是缅甸的重要商业鱼类。然而，对其人口结构的基本了解还不够。从2017年到2019年，在该国最大的流域伊洛瓦底江不同地区捕获的标本用于对两个线粒体（mt）DNA基因（细胞色素b和ATP酶6/8 ）进行测序，以研究种群分化。系统发育树和成对固定指数值揭示了S. silondia的种群。缅甸和孟加拉国/印度之间的差异不大，而伊洛瓦底江四个地区（伊洛瓦底江，仰光，马格威和曼德勒）的种群和mtDNA单倍型没有显着差异。另外，由于缺乏核苷酸多样性，未观察到独特的单倍型。因此，伊洛瓦底河中的S. silondia可以被视为一个单一的种群，这与孟加拉国/印度的种群不同。我们的研究为通过分子分析了解缅甸伊洛瓦底江的S. silondia的遗传多样性提供了第一个内容。这些遗传数据将有助于了解该物种在南亚和东南亚的遗传多样性。