PFOS dominates PFAS composition in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected across North Carolina nearly 20 years after the end of its US production,Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts

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PFOS dominates PFAS composition in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected across North Carolina nearly 20 years after the end of its US production
Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-3-7 , DOI: 10.1039/d0em00497a
J. Zhou _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , K. Baumann _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , R. N. Mead _{5,

6,

7,

8,

9} , S. A. Skrabal _{5,

6,

7,

8,

9} , R. J. Kieber _{5,

6,

7,

8,

9} , G. B. Avery _{5,

6,

7,

8,

9} , M. Shimizu _{5,

6,

7,

8,

9} , J. C. DeWitt _{5,

10,

11,

12,

13} , M. Sun _{5,

14,

15,

16} , S. A. Vance _{5,

10,

11,

12,

13} , W. Bodnar _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Z. Zhang _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , L. B. Collins _{5,

17,

18,

19} , J. D. Surratt _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , B. J. Turpin _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
Gillings School of Global Public Health
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill
USA
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Center for Marine Sciences
University of North Carolina Wilmington
Wilmington
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
Brody School of Medicine
East Carolina University
Greenville
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Charlotte
Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center
North Carolina State University
Raleigh

Contamination of drinking water by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) emitted from manufacturing plants, fire-fighting foams, and urban waste streams has received considerable attention due to concerns over toxicity and environmental persistence; however, PFASs in ambient air remain poorly understood, especially in the United States (US). We measured PFAS concentrations in ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) at 5 locations across North Carolina over a 1 year period in 2019. Thirty-four PFASs, including perfluoroalkyl carboxylic, perfluoroalkane sulfonic, perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic and sulfonic acids were analyzed by UHPLC/ESI-MS/MS. Quarterly averaged concentrations ranged from <0.004–14.1 pg m⁻³. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) ranged from <0.18 to 14.1 pg m⁻³, comparable to previous PM_2.5 measurements from Canada and Europe (<0.02–3.5 pg m⁻³). Concentrations above 1 pg m⁻³ were observed in July–September at Charlotte (14.1 pg m⁻³, PFOA), Wilmington (4.75 pg m⁻³, PFOS), and Research Triangle Park (1.37 pg m⁻³, PFOS). Notably, PM_2.5 has a short atmospheric lifetime (<2 weeks), and thus, the presence of PFOS in these samples raises questions about their sources, since PFOS production was phased out in the US ∼20 years ago. This is the first US study to provide insights into ambient PFAS concentrations in PM_2.5.

中文翻译：

在美国生产结束近20年后，全氟辛烷磺酸在全北卡罗来纳州收集的环境细颗粒物（PM2.5）中占PFAS成分的主导地位

由于担心毒性和环境持久性，从制造厂，灭火泡沫和城市废物流中排放的全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）对饮用水的污染受到了广泛关注；然而，人们对环境空气中的PFAS仍然知之甚少，尤其是在美国。我们在2019年的1年时间内测量了北卡罗莱纳州5个地点的环境细颗粒物（PM _2.5）中的PFAS浓度。通过UHPLC /分析了34种PFAS，包括全氟烷基羧酸，全氟烷磺酸，全氟烷基醚羧酸和磺酸。 ESI-MS / MS。季度平均浓度范围从<0.004-14.1 pg m ^-3。全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）的范围从<0.18到14.1 pg m ^-3，与加拿大和欧洲以前的PM _2.5测量值（<0.02-3.5 pg m ^-3）相当。在7月至9月的夏洛特（14.1 pg m ^-3，全氟辛酸），威尔明顿（4.75 pg m ^-3，全氟辛烷磺酸）和三角研究园（1.37 pg m ^-3，全氟辛烷磺酸）观察到1 pg m ^-3以上的浓度。值得注意的是，PM _2.5由于全氟辛烷磺酸的大气寿命很短（<2周），因此，这些样品中存在全氟辛烷磺酸引起了人们对其来源的质疑，因为全氟辛烷磺酸的生产已在20年前在美国逐步淘汰。这是美国第一项提供有关PM _2.5中环境PFAS浓度的见解的研究。

更新日期：2021-03-16

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