Treatment with intravenous bisphosphonate (BP) in children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) started in Sweden in 1991. No human studies on the role of BP therapy in development of disturbances in tooth mineralization or tooth morphology have been published. The study cohort comprised 219 individuals who were divided into four groups: group 1, BP treatment onset before 2 years of age (n = 22); group 2, BP treatment onset between 2 and 6 years of age (n = 20); group 3, BP treatment onset between 6 and 10 years of age (n = 13); and a control group of patients with OI who had not received BP therapy (n = 164). The chi-square test was used in between-group comparisons of the prevalence of tooth agenesis. The prevalence of tooth agenesis was significantly higher in children who began BP treatment before the age of 2 years (group 1; 59%,) compared to the controls (10%; p < 0.001) and to children who had begun BP therapy between ages 2 and 6 years (group 2; 10%; p = 0.009) or between ages 6 and 10 years (group 3; 8%; p = 0.003). Different types of disturbances in the enamel formation were seen in 52 premolars, where 51 were seen in those who began BP treatment before the age of 2 years. To conclude, starting BP treatment before the age of 2 years increases the risk of abnormalities in tooth formation manifesting as morphological aberrations, tooth agenesis, and enamel defects.

1991 年瑞典开始在患有成骨不全 (OI) 的儿童和青少年中使用静脉注射双膦酸盐 (BP) 进行治疗。 尚未发表关于 BP 治疗在牙齿矿化或牙齿形态障碍发展中的作用的人体研究。研究队列包括 219 个人，他们分为四组：第一组，2 岁前开始接受 BP 治疗（n  = 22）；第 2 组，BP 治疗开始于 2 至 6 岁之间（n  = 20）；第 3 组，BP 治疗开始于 6 至 10 岁之间（n  = 13）；对照组为未接受 BP 治疗的 OI 患者（n = 164）。卡方检验用于牙齿发育不全患病率的组间比较。与对照组 (10%；p  < 0.001)相比，在 2 岁之前开始接受 BP 治疗的儿童（第 1 组；59%）的牙齿发育不全发生率显着更高2 至 6 岁（第 2 组；10%；p  = 0.009）或 6 至 10 岁（第 3 组；8%；p = 0.003）。在 52 颗前磨牙中观察到不同类型的牙釉质形成障碍，其中 51 颗在 2 岁前开始接受 BP 治疗的人中观察到。总之，在 2 岁之前开始 BP 治疗会增加牙齿形成异常的风险，表现为形态畸变、牙齿发育不全和牙釉质缺损。