The legal socialization framework emphasizes the importance of adolescents’ encounters with police. We examine how different types of police contact and neighborhood experiences are linked to the legal socialization process among adolescents living in São Paulo, Brazil. Drawing on 669 participants across three waves of panel data from the São Paulo Legal Socialization Study, results from the multilevel longitudinal model revealed that within-person increases in vicarious police contact were linked to a decrease in police legitimacy over time. Exploratory analyses using a multilevel mediation model indicated that the observed negative effect of vicarious police contact was mediated by evaluations of police procedural justice. As for the between-person effects, voluntary police contact positively predicted police legitimacy over time. However, the effects of vicarious police contact and violent police contact were mediated by police procedural justice. Additionally, police legitimacy decreased for people who had more exposure to violence and lower levels of fear of crime. The study revealed that the nature of police contact and levels of exposure to violence can have important effects on adolescents’ perceptions of police legitimacy, even after accounting for procedural justice.

中文翻译：

---

警察接触和邻里经历对法律社会化的作用：来自巴西青少年的纵向证据

法律社会化框架强调青少年与警察接触的重要性。我们研究了不同类型的警察接触和邻里经历如何与生活在巴西圣保罗的青少年的合法社会化过程相关联。根据圣保罗法律社会化研究三波面板数据中的 669 名参与者，多层次纵向模型的结果显示，随着时间的推移，替代警察接触的个人内部增加与警察合法性的下降有关。使用多层次调解模型的探索性分析表明，观察到的替代警察接触的负面影响是通过对警察程序正义的评估来调节的。至于人与人之间的影响，随着时间的推移，自愿警察接触积极预测了警察的合法性。然而，替代警察接触和暴力警察接触的影响是通过警察程序正义来调节的。此外，对于更多地接触暴力和对犯罪的恐惧程度较低的人，警察的合法性下降。研究表明，警察接触的性质和接触暴力的程度会对青少年对警察合法性的看法产生重要影响，即使在考虑程序正义之后也是如此。