Objective:

To test whether smoking-specific risk factors in early adulthood mediate prediction to daily smoking from childhood ADHD.

Methods:

Participants were 237 with and 164 without childhood ADHD. A smoking risk profile score comprising smoking-specific factors measured between ages 18 to 25 (e.g., craving severity) and age of initiation was tested as mediator of the association between childhood ADHD and age 29 daily smoking.

Results:

Childhood ADHD predicted age 29 smoking (β = −.15, p = .019), 35% of ADHD versus 17% of nonADHD, and the profile score (β = −.07, p = .004), which in turn mediated prediction to age 29 daily smoking (β = −.03; p = .007). When tested individually, three profile variables (# cigarettes/day, difficulty concentrating during abstinence, and nicotine dependence) were significant mediators (ps = 0.005–0.038), above and beyond early adult smoking, ADHD persistence, and delinquency.

Conclusions:

These behavioral smoking characteristics help explain later daily cigarette smoking for adults with ADHD histories and may need to be targeted in intervention.

中文翻译：

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成年早期特定吸烟风险因素可介导 ADHD 儿童 29 岁时每天吸烟的风险

 客观的：

测试成年早期吸烟特定危险因素是否介导对儿童多动症（ADHD）每天吸烟的预测。

 方法：

参与者中有 237 名患有儿童多动症，164 名没有患有儿童多动症。吸烟风险概况评分包括在 18 至 25 岁之间测量的吸烟特定因素（例如，渴望严重程度）和开始年龄，作为儿童 ADHD 和 29 岁每日吸烟之间关联的中介因素进行了测试。

 结果：

儿童 ADHD 预测 29 岁吸烟（β = −.15， p = .019），ADHD 的 35% 与非 ADHD 的 17%，以及概况评分（β = −.07， p = .004），这反过来又介导对 29 岁时每天吸烟的预测（β = −.03； p = .007）。单独测试时，三个概况变量（每天吸烟数、戒烟期间注意力不集中和尼古丁依赖）是显着的中介因素（ p s = 0.005-0.038），高于成年早期吸烟、多动症持续性和犯罪行为。

 结论：

这些吸烟行为特征有助于解释有多动症史的成年人后来每天吸烟的情况，可能需要有针对性地进行干预。