Though obscured by agricultural modernization efforts in the 1950s, peasant and peasant-like farm realities persist. Since the 1990s, Italy, like the rest of Europe, witnessed a wave of re-peasantization—a conceptual framework introduced by rural sociologist Jan Douwe van der Ploeg to mark the emergence of a mode of agriculture that is distinctively more peasant-like. Using a qualitative, field-based two-case design, this study explored this phenomenon in two new entrant farms in Campania and Sicily, in Italy. Each farm's practices and pursued objectives, as well as its social networks were analyzed. Findings revealed that the two farms adopt strategies grounded in the material and immaterial resources of their territories, thus minimizing their dependence on external inputs and expertise. Built social networks support the diversification of their activities, of their market circuits and of their knowledge sources. This study contributes to the documentation of new peasant realities in Italy, while highlighting the importance of contextual specificities for understanding new farming models and farmer identities.

尽管在1950年代被农业现代化的努力所掩盖，但农民和类似农民的农场现实依然存在。自1990年代以来，意大利像欧洲其他国家一样，经历了重新农民化浪潮。农村社会学家Jan Douwe van der Ploeg引入了这一概念框架，以标志着一种明显更像农民的农业模式的兴起。本研究使用定性的，基于实地的两案例设计，在意大利的坎帕尼亚和西西里岛的两个新进入农场中探索了这种现象。分析了每个农场的做法和追求的目标以及其社交网络。调查结果表明，这两个农场采用的策略均基于其领土的物质和非物质资源，从而最大程度地减少了对外部投入和专业知识的依赖。建立的社交网络支持其活动，市场回路和知识来源的多样化。这项研究有助于记录意大利的新农民现实，同时强调了因地制宜的重要性，对于理解新的农业模式和农民身份具有重要意义。