Much is known about how climate change impacts ecosystem richness and turnover, but we have less understanding of its influence on ecosystem structures. Here, we use ecological metrics (beta diversity, compositional disorder and network skewness) to quantify the community structural responses of temperature‐sensitive chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) during the Late Glacial (14 700–11 700 cal a bp) and Holocene (11 700 cal a bp to present). Analyses demonstrate high turnover (beta diversity) of chironomid composition across both epochs; however, structural metrics stayed relatively intact. Compositional disorder and skewness show greatest structural change in the Younger Dryas, following the rapid, high‐magnitude climate change at the Bølling–Allerød to Younger Dryas transition. There were fewer climate‐related structural changes across the early to mid–late Holocene, where climate change was more gradual and lower in magnitude. The reduced impact on structural metrics could be due to greater functional resilience provided by the wider chironomid community, or to the replacement of same functional‐type taxa in the network structure. These results provide insight into how future rapid climate change may alter chironomid communities and could suggest that while turnover may remain high under a rapidly warming climate, community structural dynamics retain some resilience.

中文翻译：

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由气候变化的速率和幅度决定的第四纪晚期第四纪的群落结构

人们对气候变化如何影响生态系统的丰富度和周转率知之甚少，但我们对其气候变化对生态系统结构的影响了解甚少。在这里，我们使用生态指标（β多样性，成分失调和网络偏度）来量化晚冰河时期（14 700–11 700 cal a bp）和全新世（11 700 CAL一个基点展示）。分析表明，在两个时期中，Chironomid成分的转化率很高（β多样性）。但是，结构指标保持相对完好。在伯灵—阿莱罗德至年轻得里亚斯的过渡期发生了快速，高强度的气候变化之后，成分紊乱和偏斜显示了年轻得里亚斯的最大结构变化。在全新世早期至中晚期，与气候有关的结构性变化较少，在这些气候变化中，气候变化更为缓慢且幅度较小。对结构指标的影响减少可能是由于更广泛的chironomid社区提供了更高的功能弹性，或者是由于网络结构中替换了相同功能类型的分类单元。