The purpose of this study was to find out what current challenges successful principals in Estonia and Finland identify in developing their schools. The strategies used in dealing with these challenges were also analyzed within the framework of “growth-mindset pedagogy” as an educational approach to school leadership. The principals were interviewed, and the resulting data were analyzed by means of both inductive and deductive content analysis. The similarities among and differences between principals from Estonia and Finland were compared and discussed in the context of high-achievement-oriented but culturally different educational systems. According to the results, the challenges are similar in both countries, relating to the principals’ professional development, as well as developments in the curriculum and the learning community. The Estonian principals identified more challenges related to developments in the learning community than their Finnish peers, although in both countries they tended to use strategies related to growth-mindset pedagogy in dealing with them. Preparation and development programs for principals should pay more attention to their mindset and their views on teaching and learning, which may have a strong impact on the whole school community.

中文翻译：

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爱沙尼亚和芬兰当前在学校领导中面临的挑战：示范性校长的多案例研究

这项研究的目的是找出爱沙尼亚和芬兰成功的校长在发展学校方面当前面临的挑战。在应对“挑战心态的教学法”框架内，作为应对学校领导能力的一种教育方法，还分析了应对这些挑战所采用的策略。采访了校长，并通过归纳和演绎内容分析对所得数据进行了分析。爱沙尼亚和芬兰的校长之间的异同在高成就导向的文化背景下进行了比较和讨论。根据结果​​，两国面临的挑战相似，涉及校长的专业发展以及课程和学习社区的发展。爱沙尼亚的校长发现与学习领域的发展有关的挑战比芬兰的同龄人更多，尽管在这两个国家，他们都倾向于使用与增长心态教学法相关的策略来应对这些挑战。校长的准备和发展计划应更加关注他们的思维方式和对教与学的看法，这可能会对整个学校社区产生重大影响。