Stressors can have negative effects on well-being, but little is known about how an individual's inability to precisely forecast upcoming stress could be a risk factor for well-being. Antecedents and outcomes of two stress forecasting variables, anticipated stress level and underestimation errors in stress forecasting (operationalized by the residual change scores obtained by regressing the evening experienced stress on the morning anticipated stress), were investigated. In a daily diary study of 110 undergraduate students over a workweek, poor sleep quality and negative affect reported in the morning predicted a higher anticipated stress of the upcoming day. Poor sleep quality was found to be related to less underestimation errors (i.e., more overestimation). Mispredicting the daily stress level was found to predict greater health complaints and negative affect by the end of the day. Those high on trait resilience were found to make fewer underestimation errors on average. Worse emotional outcomes were associated with underestimation errors during stress forecasting than with overestimation errors. This study demonstrates that examining an individual's experience in forecasting upcoming stressors is an important area for future research in determining points of intervention to promote adaptive management of daily demands.

中文翻译：

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每日预期压力和压力预测错误的前因和结果

压力源会对幸福感产生负面影响，但人们对个人无法准确预测即将到来的压力如何成为幸福感的风险因素知之甚少。研究了两个压力预测变量的前因和结果，压力预测中的预期压力水平和低估误差（通过将晚上经历的压力回归到早上预期压力而获得的剩余变化分数来操作）。在一个工作周内对 110 名本科生进行的每日日记研究中，早上报告的睡眠质量差和负面影响预示着即将到来的一天会有更高的预期压力。发现睡眠质量差与较少的低估错误（即更多的高估）有关。发现错误预测每日压力水平会在一天结束时预测更大的健康问题和负面影响。发现那些具有高特质弹性的人平均会更少地低估错误。与高估错误相比，更糟糕的情绪结果与压力预测期间的低估错误相关。这项研究表明，检查个人在预测即将到来的压力源方面的经验是未来研究的一个重要领域，以确定干预点以促进日常需求的适应性管理。