Atmospheric rivers (ARs) as massive and concentrated water vapour paths can have a critical impact on extreme events in arid and semi-arid areas. This study investigated the effect of ARs on heavy precipitation events during the cold, rainy months (November–April) in Iran for 11 years. The results showed that 107 ARs had an influence on heavy precipitation, which providing partial moisture for Iran's precipitation. On average, 11 heavy precipitation days were linked to the presence of ARs in the six cold months of each year. During the study period, ARs accounted for almost 20–50% of the country's total heavy precipitation monthly. Although most ARs entered the country from the south through coastal areas, the western part of Iran, especially elevated stations along the western slope of the Zagros Mountains, received the highest heavy precipitation. Accordingly, about 66% of ARs directly originated from the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. Moreover, December experienced the highest frequency of ARs linked to heavy precipitation during the statistical period.

大气河流作为大量和集中的水蒸气路径，可能对干旱和半干旱地区的极端事件产生重大影响。这项研究调查了AR在伊朗寒冷多雨的月份（11月至4月）持续11年期间对强降水事件的影响。结果表明，107 ARs对强降水有影响，这为伊朗的降水提供了部分水分。在每年的六个寒冷月份中，平均有11个大降水日与AR的存在相关。在研究期间，AR占该国每月强降水总量的近20％至50％。尽管大多数AR都是从南部通过沿海地区进入该国的，但在伊朗西部，尤其是Zagros山西坡上的高架站，降雨最多。因此，大约66％的AR直接来自红海和亚丁湾。此外，在统计期间，12月经历了与强降水有关的AR的频率最高。