Although most bloodstream yeast infections are caused by Candida spp., infections by rare or less common species have increased in recent years. Diagnosis of infections caused by these species is difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms and adequate diagnostic tools. We describe two cases of fungemia by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa within a few months of each other, in a secondary Spanish hospital. In both cases, diagnosis was challenging. Blood subcultures in conventional fungal media were persistently negatives and the use of non-conventional fungal media was essential for isolating the yeasts and achieving a correct diagnosis. 1–3 beta-d-glucan detection and a panfungal PCR assay were helpful techniques to confirm the diagnosis It is highly important to establish an early diagnosis for fungemia. The process is challenging because often non-specific symptoms are presents. When yeasts grow in blood cultures other genera than Candida spp. could be the cause of infection. Patient risk factors should be assessed to incorporate alternative culture media and the available rapid diagnostic test, in order to provide an early recognition of the pathogen.

中文翻译：

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黏液红酵母菌血症中常规真菌琼脂的低敏感性：两例描述

尽管大多数血液酵母菌感染是由念珠菌引起的，但近年来罕见或不太常见的物种感染有所增加。由于缺乏特定的症状和足够的诊断工具，很难诊断由这些物种引起的感染。我们在西班牙的一家二级医院描述了几个月内由粘红酵母菌引起的两例真菌血症。在这两种情况下，诊断都具有挑战性。传统真菌培养基中的血液亚培养持续呈阴性，使用非常规真菌培养基对于分离酵母菌和实现正确诊断至关重要。1-3 β-d-葡聚糖检测和全真菌 PCR 检测是确诊的有用技术 建立真菌血症的早期诊断非常重要。该过程具有挑战性，因为通常会出现非特异性症状。当酵母在血液培养物中生长时，念珠菌属以外的属。可能是感染的原因。应评估患者风险因素，以纳入替代培养基和可用的快速诊断测试，以便及早识别病原体。