A standardized terminology for the anatomy of pectoral- and dorsal-fin spines in the order Siluriformes is proposed based on an extensive literature review and direct examination of representatives of the order. The adult anatomy of the spines is described in detail. Terminology of various spine parts are reviewed and standardized, each term provided with a synonymic list organizing previous usage. Most of the structures treated have been recorded and named in the literature, but some are herein named for the first time. A quantitative approach is proposed for orienting decisions on name usage, aiming at minimizing differences between the terminology proposed and the vast amount of pre-existing literature, herein called the cost function. It is expected that this system will aid efforts in organizing the chaotic anatomical nomenclature of the appendicular skeleton in Siluriformes, and provide a solid basis for advances in comparative anatomy and nomenclature. The proposed terminology system has potential application on a number of fields that utilize information from catfish spines, ranging from taxonomy to phylogenetic systematics to paleontology and archaeology.

中文翻译：

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鲶形目（Actinopterygii：Ostariophysi）中刺的标准化术语

基于广泛的文献回顾和对该目代表的直接检查，提出了鲶形目胸鳍和背鳍棘解剖学的标准化术语。脊柱的成人解剖结构进行了详细描述。对各种脊柱部分的术语进行了审查和标准化，每个术语都提供了一个同义词列表，组织了以前的用法。所处理的结构大部分已在文献中记录和命名，但有些是第一次在这里命名。提出了一种定量方法来指导名称使用的决策，旨在最大限度地减少提议的术语与大量现有文献之间的差异，这里称为成本函数。预计该系统将有助于组织鲶形目附肢骨骼的混乱解剖命名，并为比较解剖学和命名的进展提供坚实的基础。拟议的术语系统在利用鲶鱼刺信息的许多领域具有潜在应用，从分类学到系统发育系统学再到古生物学和考古学。