Background Many informal caregivers experience significant caregiving burden and report worsening health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Caregiver HRQoL may vary by disease context, but this has rarely been studied. Purpose Informed by the Model of Carer Stress and Burden, we compared HRQoL outcomes of prevalent groups of caregivers of people with chronic illness (i.e., dementia, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]/emphysema, and diabetes) and noncaregivers and examined whether caregiving intensity (e.g., duration and hours) was associated with caregiver HRQoL. Methods Using 2015–2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we identified caregivers of people with dementia (n = 4,513), cancer (n = 3,701), COPD/emphysema (n = 1,718), and diabetes (n = 2,504) and noncaregivers (n = 176,749). Regression analyses were used to compare groups. Results Caregiver groups showed small, nonsignificant differences in HRQoL outcomes. Consistent with theory, all caregiver groups reported more mentally unhealthy days than noncaregivers (RRs = 1.29–1.61, ps < .001). Caregivers of people with cancer and COPD/emphysema reported more physically unhealthy days than noncaregivers (RRs = 1.17–1.24, ps < .01), and caregivers of people with diabetes reported a similar pattern (RR = 1.24, p = .01). However, general health and days of interference of poor health did not differ between caregivers and noncaregivers. Across caregiver groups, most caregiving intensity variables were unrelated to HRQoL outcomes; only greater caregiving hours were associated with more mentally unhealthy days (RR = 1.13, p < .001). Conclusions Results suggest that HRQoL decrements associated with caregiving do not vary substantially across chronic illness contexts and are largely unrelated to the perceived intensity of the caregiving. Findings support the development and implementation of strategies to optimize caregiver health across illness contexts.

中文翻译：

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与健康相关的生活质量：2015-2018 年痴呆症、癌症、慢性阻塞性肺病/肺气肿和糖尿病患者的照顾者与非照顾者的比较分析 BRFSS

背景 许多非正式的看护者承受着巨大的看护负担，并报告说与健康相关的生活质量 (HRQoL) 不断恶化。看护人 HRQoL 可能因疾病背景而异，但很少有人对此进行研究。目的 根据照顾者压力和负担模型，我们比较了慢性病患者（即痴呆、癌症、慢性阻塞性肺病 [COPD]/肺气肿和糖尿病）和非照顾者的主要照顾者群体的 HRQoL 结果，并检查是否看护强度（例如，持续时间和小时数）与看护者的 HRQoL 相关。方法 使用 2015-2018 年行为风险因素监测系统数据，我们确定了患有痴呆症 (n = 4,513)、癌症 (n = 3,701)、COPD/肺气肿 (n = 1,718) 和糖尿病 (n = 2,504) 和非护理者的照顾者（n = 176,749）。回归分析用于比较组。结果 看护者组在 HRQoL 结果方面表现出小的、不显着的差异。与理论一致，所有看护者组报告的精神不健康天数都比非看护者多（RRs = 1.29–1.61，ps < .001）。癌症和慢性阻塞性肺病/肺气肿患者的护理人员报告的身体不健康天数比非护理人员多（RRs = 1.17–1.24，ps < .01），糖尿病患者的护理人员报告了类似的模式（RR = 1.24，p = .01） . 然而，看护者和非看护者之间的一般健康状况和健康状况不佳的干扰天数没有差异。在照顾者群体中，大多数照顾强度变量与 HRQoL 结果无关；只有更多的看护时间与更多的精神不健康天数相关（RR = 1.13，p <.001）。结论 结果表明，与护理相关的 HRQoL 下降在慢性病背景下没有显着差异，并且与护理的感知强度在很大程度上无关。研究结果支持制定和实施策略，以优化不同疾病背景下的护理人员健康。