Pluralistic ignorance occurs when group members mistakenly believe others’ cognitions and/or behaviors are systematically different from their own. More than 20 years have passed since the last review of pluralistic ignorance from a psychological framework, with more than 60 empirical articles assessing pluralistic ignorance published since then. Previous reviews took an almost entirely conceptual approach with minimal review of methodology, making existing reviews outdated and limited in the extent to which they can provide guidelines for researchers. The goal of this review is to evaluate and integrate the literature on pluralistic ignorance, clarify important conceptual issues, identify inconsistencies in the literature, and provide guidance for future research. We provide a comprehensive definition for the phenomenon, with a focus on its status as a group-level phenomenon. We highlight three areas of variation in particular in the current scoping review: variation in topics assessed, variation in measurement, and (especially) variation in methods for assessing the implications of individual-level misperceptions that, in aggregate, lead to pluralistic ignorance. By filling these gaps in the literature, we ultimately hope to motivate further analysis of the phenomenon.

当小组成员错误地认为他人的认知和/或行为与他们自己的系统上不同时，就会发生多元的无知。自从心理学框架对多元无知的最新评论以来，已经过去了20多年，此后发表了60多篇评估多元无知的经验文章。以前的评论几乎采用了完全概念化的方法，对方法学的评论很少，这使得现有的评论过时并且在为研究人员提供指导的程度上受到限制。这篇综述的目的是评估和整合有关多元性无知的文献，弄清重要的概念问题，找出文献中的矛盾之处，并为以后的研究提供指导。我们为现象提供了全面的定义，重点关注其作为群体级现象的地位。在当前的范围界定审查中，我们重点介绍了三个方面的变化：所评估主题的变化，度量的变化，以及（尤其是）评估各个级别的误解的影响的方法的差异，这些误解总体上导致多元的无知。通过填补文献中的这些空白，我们最终希望能够激发对该现象的进一步分析。