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Dorset and Thule Inuit occupations of Qikirtajuaq (Smith Island), Nunavik, Canada: a palaeoecological approach
Boreas ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-26 , DOI: 10.1111/bor.12515
Najat Bhiry 1 , Dominique Marguerie 2 , Tommy Weetaluktuk 3 , Pierre M. Desrosiers 4 , Dominique Todisco 5 , Myosotis Desroches Bourgon 1 , David Aoustin 6
Affiliation  

Qikirtajuaq is a long island facing the Inuit village of Akulivik on the northeastern coast of Hudson Bay (Canada) that is rich in archaeological sites. Kangiakallak-1 (JeGn-2), one of the main sites on this island, is a large multicomponent site that includes Dorset and Thule Inuit winter houses. This study documents the dynamics of palaeoenvironmental conditions in the successive occupations of the Kangiakallak-1 settlement based on plant macrofossils, pollen and non-pollen palynomorph analyses and archaeological research. The data indicate that Dorset inhabitants constructed their dwelling at about 772 cal. a BP. The site was reused by the Thule Inuit a few decades later, starting at about 671 cal. a BP. Thus, Kangiakallak-1 is one of the few sites, at least in Nunavik (northern Québec, Canada), that were rapidly reoccupied by the Thule Inuit after the departure of the Dorset inhabitants, which indicates a possible overlap between the two cultures in the Akulivik region. The palaeoecological data show that both Dorset and Thule inhabitants left clear footprints at the local scale in the form of several nitrophilous species that became established in and near the houses and persisted over a long period. The deposition of domestic waste (including bone fragments, skin, burnt fat and charcoal fragments) inside the subterranean dwellings fertilized the soil and led to the growth of unique nitrophilous plants. These changes transformed the houses into exceptional floristic refuges.

中文翻译:

加拿大努纳维克奇基尔塔华克(史密斯岛)的多塞特和图勒因纽特人职业:古生态学方法

奇基尔塔华克是一个长岛,面向因纽特人村庄 Akulivik,位于哈德逊湾(加拿大)东北海岸,拥有丰富的考古遗址。Kangiakallak-1 (JeGn-2) 是该岛上的主要站点之一,是一个大型多组件站点,包括多塞特和图勒因纽特人的冬季房屋。本研究基于植物大型化石、花粉和非花粉孢粉分析以及考古研究,记录了 Kangiakallak-1 定居点连续占领的古环境条件动态。数据表明,多塞特郡的居民以大约 772 卡路里的热量建造了他们的住宅。一个BP。几十年后,图勒因纽特人重新使用了该站点,从大约 671 卡路里开始。一个BP。因此,Kangiakallak-1 是少数几个站点之一,至少在努纳维克(加拿大魁北克北部),在多塞特居民离开后,图勒因纽特人迅速重新占领了这些地方,这表明阿库利维克地区的两种文化可能存在重叠。古生态数据表明,多塞特和图勒的居民在当地范围内以几种嗜氮物种的形式留下了清晰的足迹,这些物种在房屋内和房屋附近定居并长期存在。生活垃圾(包括骨头碎片、皮肤、燃烧的脂肪和木炭碎片)在地下住宅内的沉积使土壤肥沃,并导致了独特的氮素植物的生长。这些变化将房屋变成了特殊的植物群避难所。古生态数据显示,多塞特和图勒的居民在当地范围内以几种嗜氮物种的形式留下了清晰的足迹,这些物种在房屋内和房屋附近定居并长期存在。生活垃圾(包括骨头碎片、皮肤、燃烧的脂肪和木炭碎片)在地下住宅内的沉积使土壤肥沃,并导致了独特的氮素植物的生长。这些变化将房屋变成了特殊的植物保护区。古生态数据表明,多塞特和图勒的居民在当地范围内以几种嗜氮物种的形式留下了清晰的足迹,这些物种在房屋内和房屋附近定居并长期存在。生活垃圾(包括骨头碎片、皮肤、燃烧的脂肪和木炭碎片)在地下住宅内的沉积使土壤肥沃,并导致了独特的氮素植物的生长。这些变化将房屋变成了特殊的植物群避难所。地下住宅内燃烧的脂肪和木炭碎片)为土壤施肥,并导致了独特的嗜氮植物的生长。这些变化将房屋变成了特殊的植物群避难所。地下住宅内燃烧的脂肪和木炭碎片)为土壤施肥,并导致了独特的嗜氮植物的生长。这些变化将房屋变成了特殊的植物群避难所。
更新日期:2021-03-26
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