We examined the contributions of kinesthetic and skin stretch cues to static weight perception. In three psychophysical experiments, several aspects of static weight perception were assessed by asking participants either to detect on which hand a weight was presented or to compare between two weight cues. Two closed-loop controlled haptic devices were used to present cutaneous and kinesthetic weights, in isolation and together, with a precision of 0.05g. Our results show that combining skin stretch and kinesthetic information leads to better weight detection thresholds than presenting uni-sensory cues does. For supra-threshold stimuli, Weber fractions were 22-44%. Kinesthetic information was less reliable for lighter weights, while both sources of information were equally reliable for weights up to 300g. Weight was perceived as equally heavy regardless of whether skin stretch and kinesthetic cues were presented together or alone. Data for lighter weights complied with an Optimal Integration model, while for heavier weights, measurements were closer to predictions from a Sensory Capture model. The presence of correlated noise might explain this discrepancy, since that would shift predictions from the Optimal Integration model towards our measurements. Our experiments provide device-independent perceptual measures, and can be used to inform, for instance, skin stretch device design.

中文翻译：

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通过皮肤拉伸和动觉信息的静态重量感知：检测阈值、JND 和 PSE

我们检查了动觉和皮肤拉伸线索对静态重量感知的贡献。在三个心理物理学实验中，通过要求参与者检测体重出现在哪只手上或比较两个体重线索来评估静态体重感知的几个方面。两个闭环控制的触觉设备用于单独和一起呈现皮肤和动觉重量，精度为 0.05g。我们的结果表明，与呈现单感觉线索相比，结合皮肤拉伸和动觉信息可以产生更好的重量检测阈值。对于超阈值刺激，韦伯分数为 22-44%。对于较轻的重量，动觉信息不太可靠，而对于重达 300 克的重量，两种信息来源同样可靠。无论皮肤拉伸和动觉线索是一起呈现还是单独呈现，体重都被认为同样沉重。较轻重量的数据符合最佳集成模型，而对于较重的重量，测量值更接近感官捕获模型的预测。相关噪声的存在可能解释了这种差异，因为这会将预测从最优积分模型转向我们的测量。我们的实验提供了独立于设备的感知测量，并可用于通知，例如，皮肤拉伸设备设计。相关噪声的存在可能解释了这种差异，因为这会将预测从最优积分模型转向我们的测量。我们的实验提供了独立于设备的感知测量，并可用于通知，例如，皮肤拉伸设备设计。相关噪声的存在可能解释了这种差异，因为这会将预测从最优积分模型转向我们的测量。我们的实验提供了独立于设备的感知测量，并可用于通知，例如，皮肤拉伸设备设计。