We present a cylindrical dual-polarization phased array antenna for weather surveillance radars that features high isolation, matched copolar beams, low sidelobe levels, and adaptive null steering. We present a crossed dipole antenna element to replace the patch antenna on the currently deployed cylindrical polarimetric phased array radar (CPPAR). The crossed dipole element offers suppressed surface wave and lower coupling between adjacent elements of an array. As a result, we achieved lower backlobe and sidelobe levels, and a higher match between copolar beams of CPPAR compared to the currently deployed multi-layer patch antenna. Further reduction of the sidelobe level and adaptive null steering are obtained using a modified particle swarm optimization. The proposed null steering mitigates the interference among the four concurrent beams of a cylindrical phased array radar. The improvement in CPPAR radiation characteristics has been verified by comparing the presented crossed dipole antenna’s radiation patterns and the existing aperture coupled patch antenna. The proposed crossed dipole phased array can benefit national weather radar networks to provide accurate multiparameter measurements enabling reliable observation of severe weather phenomena.

中文翻译：

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气象监视雷达用圆柱形交叉偶极子相控阵天线的设计

我们提出了一种用于天气监视雷达的圆柱形双极化相控阵天线，该天线具有高隔离度，匹配的同极波束，低旁瓣电平和自适应零转向功能。我们提出了一个交叉偶极天线元件，以取代当前部署的圆柱极化相控阵雷达（CPPAR）上的贴片天线。交叉偶极子元件可抑制表面波，并降低阵列相邻元件之间的耦合。结果，与当前部署的多层贴片天线相比，我们获得了较低的后瓣和旁瓣电平，并且CPPAR的同极波束之间具有更高的匹配度。使用改进的粒子群优化算法，可以进一步降低旁瓣电平并实现自适应零转向。提出的零转向减轻了圆柱形相控阵雷达的四个并发波束之间的干扰。通过比较呈现的交叉偶极天线的辐射方向图和现有的孔径耦合贴片天线，已验证了CPPAR辐射特性的改善。提出的交叉偶极相控阵可以使国家天气雷达网络受益，以提供准确的多参数测量结果，从而能够可靠地观察到严重的天气现象。