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Crop rotation, cover crop, and poultry litter effects on no-tillage cotton profitability
Agronomy Journal ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-25 , DOI: 10.1002/agj2.20661
Xia Vivian Zhou 1 , James A. Larson 1 , Virginia R. Sykes 2 , Amanda J Ashworth 3 , Fred L. Allen 2
Affiliation  

Crop rotations, cover crops, and manures may enhance yields, improve soils, and provide other ecosystem services. However, farmers may be reluctant to adopt the aforementioned practices because of uncertain profits. This study determined the profitability of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) rotated with other crops and also utilizing cover crops and poultry litter (PL). Whole-block treatments were 10 sequences of no-tillage cotton, corn (Zea mays L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] at Milan, TN. Sequences were repeated in 4-yr cycles called Phases (Phases I, II, III, and IV) starting in 2002 and continuing through 2017 to assess effects of consecutive applications of sequences on cotton net returns (NRs). Split-block treatments included winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L.), PL, and fallow. The ANOVA was used to determine treatment NR differences compared to continuous cotton and fallow for 2002–2017 and for each Phase. Including soybean and corn in rotation with cotton did not positively affect cotton NRs in Phases I, II, and III. Droughts may explain lack of yield and NR response in Phases II and III. However, including soybean and corn in the rotation provided higher cotton NRs in Phase IV (2014–2017). Better weather and improved soils with residue diversity in Phase IV may explain higher yields and NRs of cotton in rotation with other crops. For cover crops and PL, yield benefits and/or N fertilizer savings did not offset input costs, indicating monetary incentives may be needed for famers to include these practices in their cropping system.

中文翻译:

轮作、覆盖作物和家禽垫料对免耕棉花盈利能力的影响

轮作、覆盖作物和肥料可以提高产量、改善土壤并提供其他生态系统服务。然而,由于利润不确定,农民可能不愿意采用上述做法。该研究确定了棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)与其他作物轮作并利用覆盖作物和家禽垫料 (PL)的盈利能力。全区处理是田纳西州米兰的10 个免耕棉花、玉米 ( Zea mays L.) 和大豆 [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]序列。从 2002 年开始并持续到 2017 年,在称为阶段(阶段 I、II、III 和 IV)的 4 年周期中重复序列,以评估连续应用序列对棉花净收益 (NR) 的影响。分块处理包括冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.), 多毛紫云英 ( Vicia villosaL.)、PL 和休耕。方差分析用于确定处理 NR 与 2002-2017 年和每个阶段的连续棉花和休耕相比的差异。将大豆和玉米与棉花轮作并没有对 I、II 和 III 阶段的棉花 NR 产生积极影响。干旱可以解释第二和第三阶段缺乏产量和 NR 响应。然而,在第四阶段(2014-2017 年)中,将大豆和玉米包括在轮作中提供了更高的棉花 NR。在第四阶段,更好的天气和改良的土壤和残留物多样性可能解释了棉花与其他作物轮作的更高产量和 NRs。对于覆盖作物和PL,产量收益和/或氮肥节省并没有抵消投入成本,这表明农民可能需要货币激励措施将这些做法纳入他们的种植系统。
更新日期:2021-03-25
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