Despite dramatic workforce gains by women in recent decades, a substantial gender earnings gap persists and widens over the course of men's and women's careers. Since there are earnings differences across establishments, a key question is whether the widening of the gender pay gap arises from differences in career advances within the same establishment or from differential gains from job-to-job moves across establishments. Using a unique match between the 2000 Decennial Census of the United States and the Longitudinal Employer Household Dynamics (LEHD) data, we find that both channels are important and affect workers differently by education. For the college educated, the increasing gap is for the most part due to differential earnings growth within establishment. The establishment component explains only 27% of the widening of the total gender pay gap for this group. For workers without college degree, the establishment component is the main driver of the, relatively small, widening of the gender earnings gap. For both education groups, marriage plays a crucial role in the establishment component of the increasing earnings gap.

尽管近几十年来女性在劳动力方面取得了巨大的进步，但是在男女职业生涯中，性别收入差距仍然很大并且还在扩大。由于各个机构之间的收入存在差异，因此一个关键问题是性别工资差距的扩大是由同一机构内的职业发展差异还是由各个机构之间逐项工作的差异性收益引起的。通过使用美国2000年十年期人口普查与纵向雇主家庭动态（LEHD）数据之间的独特匹配，我们发现这两种渠道都很重要，并且受教育方式对工人的影响也不同。对于受过大学教育的大学来说，差距的扩大主要是由于公司内部收入的差异性增长。编制部分仅解释了该群体总性别工资差距扩大中的27％。对于没有大专以上学历的工人，建立部分是导致性别收入差距拉大（相对较小）的主要驱动力。对于两个教育群体来说，婚姻在收入差距日益扩大的基础设施中起着至关重要的作用。